from (an umpire of uncertain derivation); an award (of arbitration), i.e. (specially) a prize in the public games:--prize.
Transliteration:brabeîon
Pronunciation:brab-i'-on
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word βραβεῖον (*brabeîon*, `{{G1017}}`) fundamentally denotes an "award" or "prize." Its etymological root is linked to βραβεύς (*brabeus*), an "umpire" or "arbiter," suggesting that the prize is not randomly given but awarded based on a judgment or adherence to rules. In its most common and specialized usage, particularly in the Greco-Roman world, *brabeîon* referred specifically to the "prize given to the victor in public athletic games." This context is crucial for understanding its New Testament usage, as it evokes the imagery of intense competition, disciplined training, and the ultimate reward for success. The semantic range thus extends from a general "recompense" or "award" to the highly specific "victor's prize" earned through strenuous effort and adherence to the rules of a contest.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term *brabeîon* (`{{G1017}}`) appears only twice in the New Testament, both times in the Pauline epistles, and always within the context of athletic imagery applied to the Christian life.
* **[[1 Corinthians 9:24]]**: "Do you not know that in a race all the runners run, but only one receives the prize (*brabeîon*)? So run that you may obtain it."
* Here, Paul uses the vivid illustration of a footrace to exhort the Corinthian believers to live with purposeful discipline. The "prize" is the ultimate goal, the reward that motivates the runner to exert maximum effort. The singular nature of the prize in the race (though not in the spiritual life, as all who run faithfully will receive it) emphasizes the intense focus and singular dedication required. It underscores the idea that Christian living is not passive but requires active, intentional striving.
* **[[Philippians 3:14]]**: "I press on toward the goal for the prize (*brabeîon*) of the upward call of God in Christ Jesus."
* In this passage, Paul describes his own relentless pursuit of Christ-likeness and the resurrection. The "prize" is explicitly defined as "the upward call of God in Christ Jesus." This signifies not merely an earthly reward, but a divine, heavenly award that encompasses the full realization of salvation, glorification, and eternal fellowship with God. It is the ultimate purpose and destiny for which Paul, and by extension all believers, strive. This prize is a divine bestowal, rooted in God's initiative and calling.
In both contexts, *brabeîon* functions as a powerful motivator, representing the glorious culmination of a life lived in devoted service and pursuit of God's will. It is the ultimate divine commendation and reward for faithful perseverance.
### Related Words & Concepts
Understanding *brabeîon* (`{{G1017}}`) is enhanced by examining related Greek words and theological concepts:
* **`{{G1018}}` (βραβεύω, *brabeuō*)**: The verb form, meaning "to act as an umpire," "to rule," or "to preside." Used in [[Colossians 3:15]] ("let the peace of Christ rule [βραβεύω] in your hearts"), it highlights the idea of a governing principle or a decisive authority, much like an umpire in a game. This reinforces the idea that the *brabeîon* is awarded by a divine arbiter.
* **`{{G4710}}` (στέφανος, *stephanos*)**: "Crown" or "wreath." While *brabeîon* is the abstract "prize" or "award," the *stephanos* was the tangible physical symbol of victory in ancient games (e.g., a laurel or olive wreath). Paul frequently uses *stephanos* to refer to various spiritual rewards or crowns (e.g., "imperishable crown" in [[1 Corinthians 9:25]], "crown of righteousness" in [[2 Timothy 4:8]], "crown of life" in [[James 1:12]], [[Revelation 2:10]], "crown of glory" in [[1 Peter 5:4]]). The *brabeîon* can be seen as the underlying concept of the reward, of which the *stephanos* is a specific manifestation.
* **`{{G73}}` (ἀγών, *agōn*)**: "Contest," "struggle," "fight." This word describes the spiritual "race" or "struggle" in which the believer participates to obtain the *brabeîon* (e.g., [[1 Timothy 6:12]], [[2 Timothy 4:7]]).
* **`{{G1377}}` (διώκω, *diōkō*)**: "To pursue," "to press on." This verb describes the active striving required to attain the *brabeîon*, as seen in Paul's own testimony in [[Philippians 3:12]] and [[Philippians 3:14]].
* **Concepts**: Perseverance, discipline, effort, reward, victory, eternal life, glorification, divine calling, spiritual warfare, and the ultimate goal of Christian existence.
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of *brabeîon* (`{{G1017}}`) is profound, serving as a powerful motif for Christian living:
* **Motivation for Holy Living**: The concept of the *brabeîon* provides a strong incentive for believers to live lives of discipline, self-control, and perseverance. Just as an athlete trains rigorously for a prize, so too are Christians called to strive for spiritual excellence, knowing that an ultimate divine reward awaits them. This motivates active participation in the Christian "race" rather than passive observation.
* **Divine Initiative and Human Responsibility**: The "prize of the upward call of God" ([[Philippians 3:14]]) highlights God's sovereign initiative in calling believers. However, the requirement to "run" and "press on" emphasizes human responsibility and active obedience. This illustrates the synergistic relationship between divine grace and human effort in the process of sanctification and glorification. The prize is graciously offered by God, but it requires a diligent and faithful response from the believer.
* **Not Works-Based Salvation**: It is crucial to distinguish the *brabeîon* from salvation itself. Salvation is a gift of God's grace through faith in Christ, not earned by works. The *brabeîon* refers to the rewards, commendations, or the full realization of one's inheritance and destiny *within* salvation, for faithful service and perseverance. It speaks to the quality and fruitfulness of a life lived *in Christ*, not the means of entering into a relationship with Him.
* **Eternal Perspective**: The prize is not temporal or earthly, but tied to "the upward call of God in Christ Jesus," pointing to an eternal, heavenly reality. This encourages believers to fix their gaze on what is unseen and eternal, living with an eschatological hope that transcends present difficulties and fleeting earthly desires.
* **Singular Focus and Purpose**: The imagery of a race with a single prize underscores the need for singular focus in the Christian life. Believers are called to avoid distractions and secondary pursuits that might hinder their spiritual progress, maintaining a clear and unwavering aim toward the ultimate goal of Christ-likeness and eternal communion with God.
### Summary
The Greek word *brabeîon* (`{{G1017}}`) signifies an "award" or "prize," specifically the victor's prize in ancient athletic contests. Appearing twice in Paul's epistles (in [[1 Corinthians 9:24]] and [[Philippians 3:14]]), it serves as a powerful metaphor for the ultimate divine reward awaiting believers. It represents the glorious culmination of the Christian's spiritual "race" and the goal of "the upward call of God in Christ Jesus." While salvation is by grace through faith, the *brabeîon* motivates believers to live lives of disciplined perseverance, active striving, and singular focus, emphasizing the importance of dedicated effort in response to God's gracious call. It points to the full realization of Christ-likeness and eternal fellowship, serving as a profound theological incentive for a life fully devoted to God.
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