Psalms 59:11

Psalms 59:11 presents a fascinating and somewhat counter-intuitive prayer from David, asking God not to immediately destroy his enemies, but to scatter and bring them down instead. This verse reveals a nuanced understanding of divine justice and its pedagogical purpose for God's people.

Context

Psalm 59 is a "Michtam of David," specifically attributed to the time when King Saul sent men to watch David's house and kill him (1 Samuel 19:11). David is surrounded by violent, unprovoked adversaries who are "like dogs" (Psalm 59:6) and "breathe out swords" (Psalm 59:7) with their malicious words. In this desperate situation, David cries out to God for deliverance, expressing confidence in God's ultimate power to mock and judge the nations (Psalm 59:8).

Key Themes

• Divine Judgment and Timing: David's prayer, "Slay them not," is not a plea for mercy on his enemies, but a request for a specific *form* and *timing* of judgment. He asks for a gradual, visible downfall rather than swift annihilation. This demonstrates trust in God's sovereign wisdom regarding how and when to deal with evil.
• The Purpose of Remembrance: The phrase "lest my people forget" is central. If the enemies were instantly eradicated, the lesson of God's power and justice might be lost or quickly forgotten. By scattering and bringing them down, their prolonged humiliation serves as a powerful, enduring testimony to God's intervention and faithfulness, reminding His people of His mighty acts and warning against rebellion. This highlights the importance of remembering God's covenant and works.
• God as Protector and Deliverer: David confidently addresses God as "O Lord our shield." This title emphasizes God's role as the ultimate defender and protector of His people. Even amidst dire threats, David acknowledges that his safety and vindication come solely from the Lord. This resonates with other psalms where God is called a shield, such as Psalm 3:3.

Linguistic Insights

• The Hebrew phrase for "Slay them not" is 'al tahargeim, meaning "do not kill them utterly" or "do not destroy them completely." It implies a desire for a visible, prolonged process of defeat.
• "Scatter them" comes from the Hebrew haphiytseimo, suggesting dispersion, breaking up, or discomfiting. It denotes a judgment that weakens and disorients rather than annihilates.
• "Bring them down" is horiydem, meaning to cause to descend, to humble, or to bring low. This signifies a stripping of their power, status, and ability to oppress.
• "Our shield" is maginneynu, referring to a buckler or protector, reinforcing God's role as David's and Israel's defense.

Practical Application

This verse offers powerful insights for believers today. When facing adversity, injustice, or spiritual opposition, we can learn from David's prayer:

• Trust God's Perfect Timing: We may desire immediate resolution to our troubles, but God's wisdom often involves a process that serves a greater purpose—perhaps to teach us, to humble our adversaries, or to display His glory more fully.
• God's Judgment Serves a Purpose: The downfall of evil, even if not immediate, can be a testimony to God's justice and a reminder for His people to remain faithful. It teaches us about the consequences of rebellion and the certainty of divine reckoning.
• Rely on God as Your Shield: In all circumstances, our ultimate protection and deliverance come from the Lord. We can confidently call upon Him as our defender, knowing He is sovereign over all circumstances and adversaries.