Psalms 37:21

Psalm 37:21 starkly contrasts the financial and ethical conduct of the wicked and the righteous, highlighting their differing character and relationship with integrity and generosity. This verse is part of a wisdom psalm by King David, which encourages believers not to fret over the apparent prosperity of the wicked but to trust in God's ultimate justice and provision.

Context

Psalm 37 is an alphabetic acrostic psalm that serves as a theological and practical guide for navigating life when the wicked seem to flourish while the righteous suffer. Throughout the psalm, David offers timeless advice to "fret not" (Psalm 37:1) and to "trust in the Lord" (Psalm 37:3). This particular verse, Psalm 37:21, illustrates one practical manifestation of the wicked's character versus the righteous's character in their financial dealings and interactions with others.

Key Themes

• Financial Integrity and Irresponsibility: The verse immediately draws a line between those who fulfill their obligations and those who do not. The "wicked" are characterized by a disregard for debt and responsibility, failing to repay what they borrow. This reflects a deeper spiritual issue—a lack of concern for justice or the well-being of others.
• Generosity and Compassion: In contrast, the "righteous" are portrayed as not only honest in their dealings but also abundantly generous. They "sheweth mercy, and giveth," indicating a benevolent spirit that extends beyond mere repayment to active giving and compassion. This generosity stems from a heart aligned with God's character and often reflects God's blessing upon them, enabling them to give.
• Character Reflection: This verse serves as a powerful indicator of one's spiritual condition. True righteousness is not just about avoiding evil but actively pursuing good, especially in practical ways like financial conduct and generosity.

Linguistic Insights

The Hebrew word for "borroweth" (לָוָה, lavah) implies taking a loan, and "payeth not again" (לֹא יְשַׁלֵּם, lo yeshallem) signifies a deliberate failure to repay. This is not merely an inability but an unwillingness or disregard. On the other hand, "sheweth mercy" comes from the root חָנַן (hanan), meaning to be gracious, to show favor or compassion, often implying a gift given out of kindness. The word "giveth" (נָתַן, natan) simply means to bestow or grant, emphasizing the active, benevolent nature of the righteous person.

Practical Application

Psalm 37:21 offers profound lessons for believers today:

• Financial Responsibility: The verse underscores the importance of fulfilling financial obligations. The Bible consistently teaches about the ethical implications of debt, reminding us that "the borrower is servant to the lender" (Proverbs 22:7). For the righteous, integrity in financial matters is a testimony to their faith.
• Cultivating a Generous Spirit: Beyond just paying debts, believers are called to embody the generous heart of God. The righteous don't just repay; they give. This reflects a trust in God's provision and a desire to bless others, mirroring the divine principle that "God loveth a cheerful giver" (2 Corinthians 9:7).
• Living out Righteousness: Our actions, especially in our financial dealings, reveal our character. This verse challenges us to live with integrity, compassion, and generosity, demonstrating the fruit of a righteous life in practical ways.