Leviticus 8:16

KJV

And he took all the fat that [was] upon the inwards, and the caul [above] the liver, and the two kidneys, and their fat, and Moses burned [it] upon the altar.

KJV (with Strong's)

And he took {H3947} all the fat {H2459} that was upon the inwards {H7130}, and the caul {H3508} above the liver {H3516}, and the two {H8147} kidneys {H3629}, and their fat {H2459}, and Moses {H4872} burned {H6999} it upon the altar {H4196}.

Complete Jewish Bible

Moshe took all the fat on the inner organs, the covering of the liver, the two kidneys and their fat, and made it go up in smoke on the altar.

Berean Standard Bible

Moses also took all the fat that was on the entrails, the lobe of the liver, and both kidneys and their fat, and burned it all on the altar.

American Standard Version

And he took all the fat that was upon the inwards, and the caul of the liver, and the two kidneys, and their fat; and Moses burned it upon the altar.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Leviticus 8:16 provides a meticulous account of Moses' actions during the ordination of Aaron and his sons, specifically detailing the handling of the fat portions from the ram of the burnt offering. This verse highlights the precise ritual requirements of the Mosaic covenant, where the choicest parts of the animal—the internal fat, the caul of the liver, and the kidneys with their fat—were to be removed and entirely consumed by fire upon the altar. This act underscored the principle of complete dedication and consecration to Yahweh, symbolizing the offering of the very best to a holy God as an act of worship and obedience.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Leviticus 8 inaugurates the formal seven-day ordination ceremony for Aaron and his sons, establishing them as the consecrated priesthood of Israel, as commanded by God in [Exodus 29](/exodus/29 "Exodus 29 - Consecration of the Priests"). Moses, acting as God's appointed mediator, meticulously executes each step of the divine instructions. Prior to verse 16, Moses has already purified Aaron and his sons, clothed them in their priestly garments, anointed them with oil, and performed the sin offering for Aaron and his sons (Leviticus 8:14-15). Following the sin offering, the burnt offering of the ram is presented (Leviticus 8:18-21), and Leviticus 8:16 specifically describes the precise handling of the fat from this burnt offering. This detailed instruction for the fat's disposal emphasizes the sanctity of the offering and the absolute precision required in all aspects of priestly service, setting a precedent for all future worship within the tabernacle.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** In the ancient Near East, sacrificial systems were common, but Israel's system was unique in its divine origin and specific regulations, particularly concerning the fat. In Israelite worship, the fat (Hebrew: *chelev*) was considered the richest and choicest part of the animal, symbolizing the "best" of the offering. As explicitly stated in [Leviticus 3:16](/leviticus/3-16 "Leviticus 3:16 - The Lord's Portion of Fat"), the fat was exclusively reserved for God and was strictly forbidden for human consumption. This reservation underscored God's preeminence and the worshiper's complete dedication, signifying that the most valuable portion belonged solely to Him. The "caul above the liver" and the "kidneys" were specifically identified due to their high fat content, further emphasizing the meticulousness of the divine instructions. Moses' direct involvement in burning these parts on the altar, rather than the newly consecrated priests, highlights his unique mediatorial role during this foundational ceremony, establishing the divine protocol for the tabernacle cult.
* **Key Themes:** Leviticus 8:16 contributes significantly to several overarching themes within the book of Leviticus and the broader Pentateuch. Firstly, it reinforces the theme of **Holiness and Purity**, demonstrating that God's presence demands meticulous adherence to His standards of purity in worship. The precise separation and offering of the fat underscore the distinction between the sacred and the common, emphasizing that only what is consecrated and pure can be offered to a holy God. Secondly, it highlights the theme of **Obedience and Divine Authority**, as Moses faithfully executes every detail of God's command, establishing the pattern for all future priestly service. The specificity of the instructions for the fat, liver, and kidneys demonstrates that God's commands are not arbitrary but are designed to facilitate proper and reverent communion with Him. Lastly, it speaks to **Consecration and Atonement**, as the burnt offering, of which the fat is a crucial part, symbolizes total surrender and devotion, making atonement for the worshiper and enabling their fellowship with God (cf. [Leviticus 1:9](/leviticus/1-9 "Leviticus 1:9 - A Burnt Offering, a Pleasing Aroma")).

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **Fat (Hebrew, _cheleb'_):** (H2459) This term refers to the richest, choicest, and most valuable part of an animal, particularly the internal suet. In the Israelite sacrificial system, *cheleb* was uniquely designated for God, explicitly forbidden for human consumption, and reserved solely for burning on the altar. Its offering symbolized giving the very best to the Lord, signifying complete dedication, honor, and the acknowledgment that God deserves the most excellent and substantial portion of any offering.
* **Caul (Hebrew, _yôthereth'_):** (H3508) Specifically, this word denotes the fatty lobe or appendage of the liver, often referred to as the omentum. Its explicit inclusion alongside other fatty parts underscores the meticulous detail required in these sacred rituals. It was not merely any fat but specific, designated fatty organs that were to be offered, reinforcing the precision and intentionality of the divine commands for a complete and acceptable sacrifice.
* **Burned (Hebrew, _qâṭar'_):** (H6999) This verb is distinct from general terms for destruction by fire (e.g., *saraph*). *Qâṭar* specifically refers to burning as an act of causing smoke to ascend, particularly in the context of offering incense or sacrificial parts to God. It implies a pleasing aroma rising to the Lord, signifying acceptance, communion, and worship. This act is not about waste disposal but about a sacred transformation of the physical offering into a spiritual ascent, making it acceptable to God.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And he took all the fat that [was] upon the inwards":** This phrase describes Moses' initial action of carefully separating the internal fatty tissue from the viscera of the sacrificial ram. This fat, considered the most valuable and richest part, was exclusively reserved for God, symbolizing the essence and richness of the offering, representing the worshiper's most valuable possession or deepest dedication.
* **"and the caul [above] the liver":** This specifies another particular fatty portion—the omentum or fatty lobe connected to the liver. Its explicit mention underscores the precise nature of the divine instructions, ensuring that no designated part of the offering was omitted from the sacred act of dedication. This detail highlights the exactitude required in approaching a holy God.
* **"and the two kidneys, and their fat":** The kidneys, also rich in fat and considered vital organs, were likewise to be removed and offered. In ancient thought, the kidneys were sometimes associated with the innermost being, emotions, or conscience, potentially adding a layer of symbolic meaning to the offering of these specific organs, representing the deepest parts of the worshiper's dedication and inner life.
* **"and Moses burned [it] upon the altar":** This final clause describes the culmination of the action. Moses, acting as God's appointed agent during this foundational ordination, places these specific fatty portions onto the altar, where they are consumed by fire. This act of "burning" (*qâṭar*) signifies offering them up to God as a pleasing aroma, an act of complete surrender, consecration, and worship, making the offering acceptable and holy before the Lord.

#### Literary Devices
Leviticus 8:16 employs **Symbolism** as its primary literary device, deeply embedding theological meaning within the ritual actions. The act of burning the fat on the altar is highly symbolic: the **fat** (*cheleb*) itself symbolizes the best, the choicest, and the richest part of the offering, representing the worshiper's most valuable possessions and deepest dedication. By offering this part exclusively to God, the ritual symbolizes total surrender and the acknowledgment of God's supreme worthiness. Furthermore, the act of **burning** (*qâṭar*) symbolizes the transformation of the physical offering into a spiritual ascent, a pleasing aroma rising to God, signifying divine acceptance and communion. The meticulous detail in specifying "the caul above the liver" and "the two kidneys" reinforces the symbolic weight of precision and complete obedience in worship, emphasizing that every detail matters in the eyes of a holy God and that true worship requires intentionality and adherence to divine commands.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Leviticus 8:16, situated within the broader context of priestly ordination, profoundly illustrates the themes of holiness, consecration, and the absolute necessity of obedience in approaching a holy God. The meticulous handling and burning of the fat emphasize that those who serve God must be set apart and offer their very best, holding nothing back. This act of giving the choicest parts to the Lord establishes a foundational principle for all worship and service: it must be characterized by wholehearted devotion and a recognition of God's supreme authority and worthiness. The precision of the ritual underscores that God's commands are not arbitrary but are designed to facilitate a proper and reverent relationship with Him, ensuring that worship is both acceptable to God and transformative for the worshiper.

* [Leviticus 3:16](/leviticus/3-16 "Leviticus 3:16 - The Lord's Exclusive Portion of Fat")
* [Exodus 29:18](/exodus/29-18 "Exodus 29:18 - A Burnt Offering as a Pleasing Aroma")
* [Romans 12:1](/romans/12-1 "Romans 12:1 - Present Your Bodies as Living Sacrifices")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
The ancient ritual of burning the fat on the altar, as meticulously detailed in Leviticus 8:16, serves as a powerful and enduring reminder for believers today about the nature of our dedication to God. While the era of animal sacrifices has passed, the underlying principle of offering our "best" remains profoundly relevant and spiritually challenging. This verse prompts us to thoughtfully consider what "fat" we might be holding back from God in our contemporary lives—our choicest time, our most significant talents, our primary financial resources, our deepest affections, or even our most cherished ambitions. True worship and authentic service involve a complete and unreserved surrender, a willingness to give God the parts of our lives that are most valuable, most difficult to relinquish, and perhaps most intimately connected to our sense of self. It calls us to a wholehearted devotion that mirrors the meticulous obedience demonstrated by Moses, recognizing that our infinitely worthy God deserves nothing less than our all, offered with intentionality and reverence.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **What "fat"—the choicest parts of my life, my most valuable resources, or my deepest affections—am I currently withholding from God?**
* **How can I cultivate a more meticulous and obedient approach to God's revealed will in my daily life, ensuring my actions reflect His preeminence?**
* **In what practical ways can my current dedication and service reflect a "pleasing aroma" rising to the Lord, as symbolized by the burnt offering?**

### FAQ
**Why was the fat specifically chosen to be burned on the altar and not eaten?**

Answer: The fat (Hebrew: *chelev*) was considered the richest, most valuable, and often the most flavorful part of the animal. In the Israelite sacrificial system, it was explicitly designated as belonging exclusively to the Lord, as stated in [Leviticus 3:16](/leviticus/3-16 "Leviticus 3:16 - The Lord's Portion of Fat"). This prohibition against human consumption and its reservation for the altar served several crucial purposes: it symbolized that God deserves the very best and choicest portion of any offering, signifying His preeminence and the worshiper's complete dedication. It also served to set apart the sacred from the common, reinforcing the holiness of God and the reverence required in approaching Him. Burning the fat created a "pleasing aroma" to the Lord, indicating divine acceptance of the sacrifice and the worshiper.

**What is the significance of "the caul above the liver" and "the two kidneys" being specified?**

Answer: The specific mention of "the caul above the liver" (the omentum or fatty lobe) and "the two kidneys" highlights the meticulousness and precision required in the sacrificial rituals. These organs were particularly rich in fat, reinforcing the principle that the choicest, fattiest parts were to be offered. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, certain organs like the liver and kidneys were sometimes associated with the seat of emotions, inner thoughts, or life itself. While the primary emphasis is on their fat content, their precise identification underscores the divine origin of these instructions and the importance of exact obedience in worship, ensuring that the offering was complete and acceptable according to God's detailed commands. This level of detail taught Israel that God cares about every aspect of their worship and that true devotion involves careful adherence to His revealed will.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Leviticus 8:16, with its emphasis on the burning of the choicest fat as a pleasing aroma to the Lord, finds its ultimate and perfect fulfillment in the singular, unblemished sacrifice of Jesus Christ. The Old Testament burnt offerings, including the meticulous offering of fat, foreshadowed the complete and unreserved dedication of Christ, who "gave himself up for us, a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God" as described in [Ephesians 5:2](/ephesians/5-2 "Ephesians 5:2 - Christ's Sacrificial Love"). Just as the fat was the best part offered to God, Jesus offered His very life—the most precious sacrifice imaginable—not merely a part, but His whole being, without blemish or spot, as the ultimate [Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world](/john/1-29 "John 1:29 - Jesus, the Lamb of God"). Furthermore, the act of Moses burning the offering on the altar, mediating between God and His people, powerfully points to Christ as our true High Priest, who "entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption" ([Hebrews 9:12](/hebrews/9-12 "Hebrews 9:12 - Christ's Superior Sacrifice")). Through His perfect sacrifice, Christ consecrated a new covenant and a new priesthood of all believers, calling us to respond by offering ourselves as "living sacrifices, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship" ([Romans 12:1](/romans/12-1 "Romans 12:1 - Our Living Sacrifice")). Thus, the meticulous dedication symbolized in Leviticus 8:16 is fully realized in Christ's offering and becomes the pattern for our own consecrated lives in Him, lived in gratitude and total surrender.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Exodus 29:13

And thou shalt take all the fat that covereth the inwards, and the caul [that is] above the liver, and the two kidneys, and the fat that [is] upon them, and burn [them] upon the altar.

Leviticus 4:8

And he shall take off from it all the fat of the bullock for the sin offering; the fat that covereth the inwards, and all the fat that [is] upon the inwards,

Leviticus 4:9

And the two kidneys, and the fat that [is] upon them, which [is] by the flanks, and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away,

Leviticus 3:3

And he shall offer of the sacrifice of the peace offering an offering made by fire unto the LORD; the fat that covereth the inwards, and all the fat that [is] upon the inwards,

Leviticus 3:5

And Aaron's sons shall burn it on the altar upon the burnt sacrifice, which [is] upon the wood that [is] on the fire: [it is] an offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the LORD.