Leviticus 18:13

Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister: for she [is] thy mother's near kinswoman.

Thou shalt not uncover {H1540} the nakedness {H6172} of thy mother's {H517} sister {H269}: for she is thy mother's {H517} near kinswoman {H7607}.

You are not to have sexual relations with your mother's sister, because she is your mother's close relative.

You must not have sexual relations with your mother’s sister, for she is your mother’s close relative.

Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother’s sister: for she is thy mother’s near kinswoman.

Commentary

Leviticus 18:13 is part of a crucial chapter in the Mosaic Law, outlining prohibited sexual relationships for the Israelites. Specifically, this verse forbids sexual relations with one's mother's sister, commonly known as a maternal aunt. The reason given is clear: "for she [is] thy mother's near kinswoman," emphasizing the close familial bond.

Context

Leviticus Chapter 18 serves as a foundational text for Israelite sexual ethics, setting them apart from the surrounding pagan nations like the Egyptians and Canaanites, whose practices often included various forms of incest and sexual immorality. The chapter begins with a directive from God to Moses, instructing the people not to follow the customs of these lands (Leviticus 18:3). The detailed list of prohibitions, including relationships with parents, step-parents, siblings, half-siblings, grandchildren, and various in-laws, aims to establish a holy and distinct society, emphasizing purity and order within the family unit and the wider community. These laws were not merely arbitrary rules but were designed to protect the sanctity of family, prevent social chaos, and maintain the nation's spiritual integrity before God.

Key Themes

  • Sanctity of Family and Marriage: The prohibitions underscore the sacredness of family bonds and the boundaries God establishes for sexual expression. These laws are foundational to maintaining a healthy and ordered society.
  • Sexual Purity and Holiness: God calls His people to a high standard of moral and sexual purity. Engaging in such relationships as described in this chapter was considered an abomination, defiling both the individuals and the land (Leviticus 18:25).
  • Distinction from Pagan Practices: A primary purpose of these laws was to distinguish Israel from the corrupt practices of their neighbors, who often engaged in these very acts, sometimes as part of religious rituals or simply out of moral depravity.
  • The Principle of "Near Kinswoman": The verse's justification highlights that the prohibition extends beyond immediate family to close blood relatives, recognizing that even relationships with aunts or uncles are considered too close for sexual union due to shared lineage.

Linguistic Insights

  • "Uncover the nakedness" (Hebrew: gilui ervah): This is a common biblical euphemism used throughout Leviticus 18 for sexual intercourse, particularly illicit or forbidden sexual activity. It implies a violation of modesty and privacy, leading to shame and impurity.
  • "Near kinswoman" (Hebrew: she'er basar): This phrase literally translates to "flesh of his flesh" or "blood relative." It emphasizes the extremely close familial connection. The prohibition is reinforced by the idea that such a relationship would be akin to violating one's own flesh, undermining the natural order and sanctity of family.

Practical Application

While specific cultural contexts have changed, the underlying principles of Leviticus 18:13 remain profoundly relevant for understanding God's design for human sexuality and relationships. The call to holiness and sexual purity is timeless, reiterated in the New Testament (e.g., 1 Thessalonians 4:3, Hebrews 13:4). This verse teaches us:

  • Respect for Boundaries: God establishes clear boundaries for sexual relationships, primarily within the covenant of marriage between a man and a woman. Respecting these boundaries protects individuals, families, and society.
  • The Importance of Purity: Believers are called to live lives of purity, setting themselves apart from the world's standards of morality. This includes maintaining sexual integrity and honoring familial relationships.
  • Protection of the Family Unit: The prohibitions in Leviticus 18, including this one, serve to protect the integrity and health of the family unit, which is the foundational building block of society. They prevent confusion of roles and potential harm that can arise from inappropriate sexual relationships.

Leviticus 18:13, therefore, is not merely an ancient law but a reflection of God's enduring wisdom regarding human relationships and the importance of maintaining purity and order within His created design.

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Cross-References

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