John 1:22

Then said they unto him, Who art thou? that we may give an answer to them that sent us. What sayest thou of thyself?

Then ^{G3767} said they ^{G2036} unto him ^{G846}, Who ^{G5101} art thou ^{G1488}? that ^{G2443} we may give ^{G1325} an answer ^{G612} to them that sent ^{G3992} us ^{G2248}. What ^{G5101} sayest thou ^{G3004} of ^{G4012} thyself ^{G4572}?

So they said to him, “Who are you? — so that we can give an answer to the people who sent us. What do you have to say about yourself?”

So they said to him, “Who are you? We need an answer for those who sent us. What do you say about yourself?”

They said therefore unto him, Who art thou? that we may give an answer to them that sent us. What sayest thou of thyself?

Commentary

Context

This verse immediately follows John the Baptist's explicit denials of being the Christ, Elijah, or "that prophet." The individuals questioning him are priests and Levites sent by the Jewish leaders from Jerusalem, representing the official religious establishment. Their mission was to investigate John's popular ministry and determine the source of his authority, as his baptisms and preaching were drawing significant attention and challenging the status quo. Their direct inquiry, "Who art thou?", reflects their urgent need for a definitive answer to report back to those who sent them, likely the Sanhedrin or chief priests.

Key Themes

Identity and Authority: The central concern of the Jewish delegation was to ascertain John's true identity and the legitimacy of his ministry. In ancient Israel, prophetic claims and religious movements were carefully scrutinized by the authorities.
Official Mandate: The phrase "that we may give an answer to them that sent us" underscores the formal and official nature of the inquiry. The delegates were under pressure to provide a clear report to their superiors in Jerusalem.
Self-Testimony: "What sayest thou of thyself?" is a direct demand for John's own testimony. While the Law often required two or three witnesses, a person's own declaration was a primary source of information, especially when dealing with a figure claiming spiritual authority.

Linguistic Insights

The Greek phrase for "What sayest thou of thyself?" is τί σὺ λέγεις περὶ σεαυτοῦ (ti sy legeis peri seautou). This direct question emphasizes the importance of a personal declaration in establishing one's credentials. John's response in the subsequent verse (John 1:23) is a powerful self-identification, not by a grand title, but by a prophetic role foretold in Isaiah 40:3.

Practical Application

This exchange offers several insights for believers today:

Clarity of Purpose: Like John, we are called to have a clear understanding of our identity in Christ and our purpose, especially when questioned or challenged by the world. John knew exactly who he was and, more importantly, who he was not.
Humility in Service: John consistently pointed away from himself and towards Jesus, demonstrating profound humility. Our ultimate goal in life and ministry should be to glorify God, not ourselves.
Speaking Truth to Authority: John respectfully, yet firmly, answered the religious authorities, providing a truthful account of his mission. Believers are called to speak truth, even to those in positions of power, while maintaining respect for established order.

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Cross-References

2 Samuel 24:13

So Gad came to David, and told him, and said unto him, Shall seven years of famine come unto thee in thy land? or wilt thou flee three months before thine enemies, while they pursue thee? or that there be three days' pestilence in thy land? now advise, and see what answer I shall return to him that sent me.