“Adonai is my helper; I will not be afraid —
what can a human being do to me?”
Study This Verse
Public-domain commentary
Matthew Henry
From his Commentary on the Whole Bible. Henry comments on passages, not single verses — this entry covers Hebrews 13:1–17. His four-level outline is real structure in the source text, so it is rendered as structure.
The design of Christ in giving himself for us is that he may purchase to himself a peculiar people, zealous of good works. Now the apostle calls the believing Hebrews to the performance of many excellent duties, in which it becomes Christians to excel.
I.To brotherly love (Heb 13:1), by which he does not only mean a general affection to all men, as our brethren by nature, all made of the same blood, nor that more limited affection which is due to those who are of the same immediate parents, but that special and spiritual affection which ought to exist among the children of God.
1.It is here supposed that the Hebrews had this love one for another. Though, at this time, that nation was miserably divided and distracted among themselves, both about matters of religion and the civil state, yet there was true brotherly love left among those of them who believed on Christ; and this appeared in a very eminent manner presently after the shedding forth of the Holy Ghost, when they had all things common, and sold their possessions to make a general fund of subsistence to their brethren. The spirit of Christianity is a spirit of love. Faith works by love. The true religion is the strongest bond of friendship; if it be not so, it has its name for nothing.
2.This brotherly love was in danger of being lost, and that in a time of persecution, when it would be most necessary; it was in danger of being lost by those disputes that were among them concerning the respect they ought still to have to the ceremonies of the Mosaic law. Disputes about religion too often produce a decay of Christian affection; but this must be guarded against, and all proper means used to preserve brotherly love. Christians should always love and live as brethren, and the more they grow in devout affection to God their heavenly Father the more they will grow in love to one another for his sake.
II.To hospitality:
Be not forgetful to entertain strangers for his sake, Heb 13:2. We must add to brotherly kindness charity. Here observe,
1.The duty required - to entertain strangers, both those that are strangers to the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers to our persons, especially those who know themselves to be strangers here and are seeking another country, which is the case of the people of God, and was so at this time: the believing Jews were in a desperate and distressed condition. But he seems to speak of strangers as such; though we know not who they are, nor whence they come, yet, seeing they are without any certain dwelling place, we should allow them room in our hearts and in our houses, as we have opportunity and ability.
2.The motive: Thereby some have entertained angels unawares; so Abraham did (Gen. 18), and Lot (Gen. 19), and one of those that Abraham entertained was the Son of God; and, though we cannot suppose this will ever be our case, yet what we do to strangers, in obedience to him, he will reckon and reward as done to himself. Mat 25:35, I was a stranger, and you took me in. God has often bestowed honours and favours upon his hospitable servants, beyond all their thoughts, unawares.
III.To Christian sympathy: Remember those that are in bonds, Heb 13:3. Here observe,
1.The duty - to remember those that are in bonds and in adversity.
(1.)God often orders it so that while some Christians and churches are in adversity others enjoy peace and liberty. All are not called at the same time to resist unto blood.
(2.)Those that are themselves at liberty must sympathize with those that are in bonds and adversity, as if they were bound with them in the same chain: they must fell the sufferings of their brethren.
2.The reason of the duty: As being yourselves in the body; not only in the body natural, and so liable to the like sufferings, and you should sympathize with them now that others may sympathize with you when your time of trial comes; but in the same mystical body, under the same head, and if one member suffer all the rest suffer with it, Co1 12:26. It would be unnatural in Christians not to bear each other's burdens.
IV.To purity and chastity, Heb 13:4. Here you have,
1.A recommendation of God's ordinance of marriage, that it is honourable in all, and ought to be so esteemed by all, and not denied to those to whom God has not denied it. It is honourable, for God instituted it for man in paradise, knowing it was not good for him to be alone. He married and blessed the first couple, the first parents of mankind, to direct all to look unto God in that great concern, and to marry in the Lord. Christ honoured marriage with his presence and first miracle. It is honourable as a means to prevent impurity and a defiled bed. It is honourable and happy, when persons come together pure and chaste, and preserve the marriage bed undefiled, not only from unlawful but inordinate affections.
2.A dreadful but just censure of impurity and lewdness: Whoremongers and adulterers God will judge.
(1.)God knows who are guilty of such sins, no darkness can hide them from him.
(2.)He will call such sins by their proper names, not by the names of love and gallantry, but of whoredom and adultery, whoredom in the single state and adultery in the married state.
(3.)He will bring them into judgment, he will judge them, either by their own consciences here, and set their sins in order before them for their deep humiliation (and conscience, when awakened, will be very severe upon such sinners), or he will set them at his tribunal at death, and in the last day; he will convict them, condemn them, and cast them out for ever, if they die under the guilt of this sin.
V.To Christian contentment, Heb 13:5, Heb 13:6. Here observe,
1.The sin that is contrary to this grace and duty - covetousness, an over eager desire of the wealth of this world, envying those who have more than we. This sin we must allow no place in our conversation; for, though it be a secret lust lurking in the heart, if it be not subdued it will enter into our conversation, and discover itself in our manner of speaking and acting. We must take care not only to keep this sin down, but to root it out of our souls.
2.The duty and grace that is contrary to covetousness - being satisfied and pleased with such things as we have; present things, for past things cannot be recalled, and future things are only in the hand of God. What God gives us from day to day we must be content with, though it fall short of what we have enjoyed heretofore, and though it do not come up to our expectations for the future. We must be content with our present lot. We must bring our minds to our present condition, and this is the sure way to contentment; and those who cannot do it would not be contented though God should raise their condition to their minds, for the mind would rise with the condition. Haman was the great court-favourite, and yet not contented - Ahab on the throne, and yet not contented - Adam in paradise, and yet not contented; yea, the angels in heaven, and yet not contented; but Paul, though abased and empty, had learned in every state, in any state, therewith to be content.
3.What reason Christians have to be contented with their lot.
(1.)God hath said, I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee, Heb 13:5, Heb 13:6. This was said to Joshua (Jos 1:5), but belongs to all the faithful servants of God. Old Testament promises may be applied to New Testament saints. This promise contains the sum and substance of all the promises. I will never, no, never leave thee, nor ever forsake thee. Here are no fewer than five negatives heaped together, to confirm the promise; the true believer shall have the gracious presence of God with him in life, at death, and for ever.
(2.)From this comprehensive promise they may assure themselves of help from God: So that we may boldly say, The Lord is my helper; I will not fear what man shall do unto me, Heb 13:6. Men can do nothing against God, and God can make all that men do against his people to turn to their good.
VI.To the duty Christians owe to their ministers, and that both to those that are dead and to those that are yet alive.
1.To those that are dead: Remember those that have had the rule over you, Heb 13:7. Here observe,
(1.)The description given of them. They were such as had the rule over them, and had spoken to them the word of God; their guides and governors, who had spoken to them the word of God. Here is the dignity to which they were advanced - to be rulers and leaders of the people, not according to their own will, but the will and word of God; and this character they filled up with suitable duty: they did not rule at a distance, and rule by others, but they ruled by personal presence and instruction, according to the word of God.
(2.)The duties owing to them, even when they were dead.
[1.]"Remember them - their preaching, their praying, their private counsel, their example."
[2.]"Follow their faith; be stedfast in the profession of the faith they preached to you, and labour after the grace of faith by which they lived and died so well. Consider the end of their conversation, how quickly, how comfortably, how joyfully, they finished their course!" Now this duty of following the same true faith in which they had been instructed the apostle enlarges much upon, and presses them earnestly to it, not only from the remembrance of their faithful deceased guides, but from several other motives.
First, From the immutability and eternity of the Lord Jesus Christ. Though their ministers were some dead, others dying, yet the great head and high priest of the church, the bishop of their souls, ever lives, and is ever the same; and they should be stedfast and immovable, in imitation of Christ, and should remember that Christ ever lives to observe and reward their faithful adherence to his truths, and to observe and punish their sinful departure from him. Christ is the same in the Old Testament day, in the gospel day, and will be so to his people for ever.
Secondly, From the nature and tendency of those erroneous doctrines that they were in danger of falling in with.
a.They were divers and various (Heb 13:9), different from what they had received from their former faithful teachers, and inconsistent with themselves.
b.They were strange doctrines: such as the gospel church was unacquainted with foreign to the gospel.
c.They were of an unsettling, distracting nature, like the wind by which the ship is tossed, and in danger of being driven from its anchor, carried away, and split upon the rocks. They were quite contrary to that grace of God which fixes and establishes the heart, which is an excellent thing. These strange doctrines keep the heart always fluctuating and unsettled.
d.They were mean and low as to their subject. They were about external, little, perishing things, such as meats and drinks, etc.
e.They were unprofitable. Those who were most taken with them, and employed about them, got no real good by them to their own souls. They did not make them more holy, nor more humble, nor more thankful, nor more heavenly.
f.They would exclude those who embraced them from the privileges of the Christian altar (Heb 13:10): We have an altar. This is an argument of the great weight, and therefore the apostle insists the longer upon it. Observe,
(a.)The Christian church has its altar. It was objected against the primitive Christians that their assemblies were destitute of an altar; but this was not true. We have an alter, not a material altar, but a personal one, and that is Christ; he is both our altar, and our sacrifice; he sanctifies the gift. The altars under the law were types of Christ; the brazen altar of the sacrifice, the golden altar of his intercession.
(b.)This altar furnishes out a feast for true believers, a feast upon the sacrifice, a feast of fat things, spiritual strength and growth, and holy delight and pleasure. The Lord's table is not our altar, but it is furnished with provision from the altar. Christ our passover is sacrificed for us (Co1 5:7), and it follows, therefore let us keep the feast. The Lord's supper is the feast of the gospel passover.
(c.)Those who adhere to the tabernacle or the Levitical dispensation, or return to it again, exclude themselves from the privileges of this altar, from the benefits purchased by Christ. If they serve the tabernacle, they are resolved to subject themselves to antiquated rites and ceremonies, to renounce their right to the Christian altar; and this part of the argument he first proves and then improves.
[a.]He proves that this servile adherence to the Jewish state is a bar to the privileges of the gospel altar; and he argues thus: - Under the Jewish law, no part of the sin-offering was to be eaten, but all must be burnt without the camp while they dwelt in tabernacles, and without the gates when they dwelt in cities: now, if they will still be subject to that law, they cannot eat at the gospel-altar; for that which is eaten there is furnished from Christ, who is the great sin-offering. Not that it is the very sin-offering itself, as the papists affirm; for then it was not to be eaten, but burnt; but the gospel feast is the fruit and procurement of the sacrifice, which those have no right to who do not acknowledge the sacrifice itself. And that it might appear that Christ was really the antitype of the sin-offering, and, as such, might sanctify or cleanse his people with his own blood, he conformed himself to the type, in suffering without the gate. This was a striking specimen of his humiliation, as if he had not been fit either for sacred or civil society! And this shows how sin, which was the meritorious cause of the sufferings of Christ, is a forfeiture of all sacred and civil rights, and the sinner a common plague and nuisance to all society, if God should be strict to mark iniquity. Having thus shown that adherence to the Levitical law would, even according to its own rules, debar men from the Christian altar, he proceeds,
[b.]To improve this argument (Heb 13:13-15) in suitable advices. First, Let us go forth therefore unto him without the camp; go forth from the ceremonial law, from sin, from the world, from ourselves, our very bodies, when he calls us. Secondly, Let us be willing to bear his reproach, be willing to be accounted the offscouring of all things, not worthy to live, not worthy to die a common death. This was his reproach, and we must submit to it; and we have the more reason because, whether we go forth from this world to Christ or no, we must necessarily go forth in a little time by death; for here we have no continuing city. Sin, sinners, death, will not suffer us to continue long here; and therefore we should go forth now by faith, and seek in Christ the rest and settlement which this world cannot afford us, Heb 13:14. Thirdly, Let us make a right use of this altar; not only partake of the privileges of it, but discharge the duties of the altar, as those whom Christ has made priests to attend on this altar. Let us bring our sacrifices to this altar, and to this our high priest, and offer them up by him, Heb 13:15, Heb 13:16. Now what are the sacrifices which we must bring and offer on this altar, even Christ? Not any expiatory sacrifices; there is no need of them. Christ has offered the great sacrifice of atonement, ours are only the sacrifices of acknowledgment; and they are, 1. The sacrifice of praise to God, which we should offer up to God continually. In this are included all adoration and prayer, as well as thanksgiving; this is the fruit of our lips; we must speak forth the praises of God from unfeigned lips; and this must be offered only to God, not to angels, nor saints, nor any creature, but to the name of God alone; and it must be by Christ, in a dependence upon his meritorious satisfaction and intercession. 2. The sacrifice of alms-deeds, and Christian charity: To do good, and to communicate, forget now; for with such sacrifices God is well pleased, Heb 13:16. We must, according to our power, communicate to the necessities of the souls and bodies of men; not contenting ourselves to offer the sacrifice of our lips, mere words, but the sacrifice of good deeds; and these we must lay down upon this altar, not depending upon the merit of our good deeds, but of our great high priest; and with such sacrifices as these, adoration and alms thus offered up, God is well pleased; he will accept the offering with pleasure, and will accept and bless the offers through Christ.
2.Having thus told us the duty Christians owe to their deceased ministers, which principally consists in following their faith and not departing from it, the apostle tells us what is the duty that people owe to their living ministers (Heb 13:17) and the reasons of that duty:
(1.)The duty - to obey them, and submit themselves to them. It is not an implicit obedience, or absolute submission, that is here required, but only so far as is agreeable to the mind and will of God revealed in his word; and yet it is truly obedience and submission, and that not only to God, but to the authority of the ministerial office, which is of God as certainly, in all things belonging to that office, as the authority of parents or of civil magistrates in the things within their sphere. Christians must submit to be instructed by their ministers, and not think themselves too wise, too good, or too great, to learn from them; and, when they find that ministerial instructions are agreeable to the written word, they must obey them.
(2.)The motives to this duty.
[1.]They have the rule over the people; their office, though not magisterial, yet is truly authoritative. They have no authority to lord it over the people, but to lead them in the ways of God, by informing and instructing them, explaining the word of God to them, and applying it to their several cases. They are not to make laws of their own, but to interpret the laws of God; nor is their interpretation to be immediately received without examination, but the people must search the scriptures, and so far as the instructions of their minister are according to that rule they ought to receive them, not as the word of men, but, as they are indeed, the word of God, that works effectually in those that believe.
[2.]They watch for the souls of the people, not to ensnare them, but to save them; to gain them, not to themselves, but to Christ; to build them up in knowledge, faith, and holiness. They are to watch against every thing that may be hurtful to the souls of men, and to give them warning of dangerous errors, of the devices of Satan, of approaching judgments; they are to watch for all opportunities of helping the souls of men forward in the way to heaven.
[3.]They must give an account how they have discharged their duty, and what has become of the souls committed to their trust, whether any have been lost through their neglect, and whether any of them have been brought in and built up under their ministry.
[4.]They would be glad to give a good account of themselves and their hearers. If they can then give in an account of their own fidelity and success, it will be a joyful day to them; those souls that have been converted and confirmed under their ministry will be their joy, and their crown, in the day of the Lord Jesus.
[5.]If they give up their account with grief, it will be the people's loss as well as theirs. It is the interest of hearers that the account their ministers give of them may be with joy, and not with grief. If faithful ministers be not successful, the grief will be theirs, but the loss will be the people's. Faithful ministers have delivered their own souls, but a fruitless and faithless people's blood and ruin will be upon their own heads.
Historical interpretation
Six Centuries of Reception
2 surviving comments on this verse. Each one is dated, so this reads as a timeline rather than a list.
Select a marker to jump to its quote. Markers stagger vertically where authors wrote within a few decades of each other.
"So that we may boldly say, the Lord is my helper, and I will not fear what man shall do unto me." Again consolation in their trials.
This then also let us say in all temptations; let us laugh at human things, so long as we have God favorable to us. For as, when He is our enemy, it is no gain, though all men should be our friends, so when He is our friend, though all men together war against us, there is no harm. "I will not fear what man shall do unto me."
"Let your conversation be without greed." Paul did not say, "Do not possess anything"; (and it is clear from what he leads to: Being content with what is present, whatever it may be.) but rather, "You have a philosophical and ungreedy opinion." For he himself has said:
"for he has said, 'I will never leave you, nor forsake you.'" Since your possessions have been seized; for Paul said: And you have received the confiscation of your possessions with joy (Heb. 10:34); he advises them to be content with what is present; lest they say: With what present things shall we be content? We have been seized, and we have nothing; he says: but even if you have been seized, you can be content with what remains, even if it is very little, because of the one who says, God: 'I will not forsake you,' that is, I will not leave you, nor will I abandon you.
"So that we may boldly say." If he does not allow it, God does not abandon either, therefore, he says, we must speak boldly the words of David: "The Lord is my helper." (Ps. 118:6-7) For if God helps, one should not be afraid of those who seize or threaten."
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Summary
Hebrews 13:6 provides a profound declaration of faith and courage, asserting that believers, grounded in the unwavering assistance of God, can confidently face any human opposition without fear. This verse serves as a theological anchor, empowering the Christian to live boldly and speak freely, knowing that the sovereign Lord is their unfailing support against all external threats and pressures.
Context
Literary Context
This verse is situated within the concluding exhortations of the Epistle to the Hebrews, specifically following a series of practical instructions on Christian living. The preceding verses (Hebrews 13:1-5) encourage brotherly love, hospitality, remembering prisoners, honoring marriage, and, critically, contentment and freedom from the love of money. The declaration in Hebrews 13:5—"I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee"—directly precedes and undergirds the bold statement of Hebrews 13:6. Thus, the ability to boldly declare God as helper and to not fear man is presented as a direct consequence and spiritual fruit of trusting in God's perpetual presence and provision, rather than in worldly wealth or human power.
Historical & Cultural Context
The recipients of the Epistle to the Hebrews were Jewish Christians, likely living in Rome or a similar urban center, who were experiencing significant social pressure and possibly persecution for their faith in Christ. They faced the temptation to revert to Judaism, which was a legally recognized religion, to escape the ostracism and potential suffering associated with Christianity. This context made the fear of man (fear of social rejection, economic hardship, or physical harm) a very real and pressing issue. The author's strong emphasis on perseverance, faith, and the superiority of Christ over the Old Covenant system (as seen throughout Hebrews) directly addresses their need for courage and steadfastness in the face of such adversity.
Key Themes
Hebrews 13:6 powerfully contributes to several overarching themes in the book. Firstly, it reinforces the theme of God's Faithfulness and Sufficiency, echoing the divine promise of presence from Hebrews 13:5. Secondly, it highlights the theme of Courage and Perseverance in Faith, encouraging believers to stand firm despite external pressures, a call woven throughout the book, particularly in passages like Hebrews 10:35-39. Finally, it underscores the theme of Trust in God Alone, positioning the Lord as the ultimate source of security and aid, in contrast to reliance on human power or material possessions, which is a foundational principle in the Christian walk.
Exposition and Analysis
Key Word Analysis
The combination of these two Greek words conveys a powerful sense of speaking with courage, freedom, and confidence. Tharrhéō means "to exercise courage" or "be confident," implying an inner fortitude that overcomes fear. Légō refers to "relating in words," often in a systematic or set discourse. Together, they describe a public, unhesitant declaration of faith, not merely a private thought, but an open proclamation stemming from deep conviction.
This term signifies "supreme in authority" or "controller," and is used as a respectful title for Master or God. When applied to God, it emphasizes His absolute sovereignty, power, and rightful dominion over all creation and circumstances. Declaring the Lord as one's helper is an acknowledgment of His ultimate authority and ability to intervene effectively.
Derived from words meaning "to cry out" and "to run," boēthós literally describes someone who runs to the aid of another upon hearing their cry for help; a succorer or supporter. It implies active, timely, and effective assistance, not merely passive presence. This word highlights God's dynamic and responsive nature in coming to the aid of His people.
Verse Breakdown
"So that we may boldly say"
This introductory phrase indicates a consequence or result. Because of God's promise of unwavering presence and non-abandonment (as stated in Hebrews 13:5), believers are empowered to make a confident and public declaration. The "boldness" is not presumption, but a Spirit-given assurance based on God's character.
"The Lord is my helper"
This is the core affirmation of faith. It identifies God as the personal, active, and sufficient source of aid and support. The use of "my" makes it a deeply personal confession, reflecting an intimate relationship and reliance on God's intervention in one's individual life. This declaration stands in stark contrast to relying on human strength, connections, or material wealth.
"and I will not fear what man shall do unto me"
This is the practical outcome and manifestation of the preceding declaration. If the sovereign Lord is one's helper, then the actions, threats, or opinions of mere human beings lose their power to instill fear. This is not a denial of potential harm, but a profound trust that whatever man may "do," it cannot ultimately thwart God's purposes or separate the believer from His care. It is a statement of spiritual invincibility rooted in divine protection.
Literary Devices
The verse employs several powerful literary devices. Declaration is central, as the verse is framed as a bold, confident statement of faith. This declaration functions as an Affirmation of God's character and His relationship with His people, providing a theological basis for courage. There is a clear Cause and Effect relationship: because God is our helper, we do not fear man. This creates a logical and compelling argument for steadfastness. Furthermore, the verse uses Contrast by juxtaposing the omnipotent "Lord" with finite "man," highlighting the vast difference in power and authority, thereby diminishing the perceived threat from human opposition. Finally, the verse exhibits Allusion to Old Testament passages, particularly the Psalms, where similar declarations of trust in God and defiance of human threats are common, thereby rooting this New Testament truth in a long-standing biblical tradition of divine faithfulness.
Theological and Thematic Connections
Hebrews 13:6 is a powerful theological statement that grounds Christian confidence not in human strength or circumstances, but in the immutable character and active presence of God. It affirms God's role as the ultimate sustainer and protector of His people, echoing the covenant promises of the Old Testament. The verse teaches that true security and freedom from fear are found in a personal, unwavering trust in the Lord's omnipotence and benevolence. This theological truth liberates believers from the paralyzing grip of fear of man, enabling them to live out their faith boldly and consistently, knowing that no human power can ultimately thwart God's purposes for their lives or separate them from His love.
Reflection and Application
This verse serves as a potent antidote to the pervasive fear that often paralyzes believers in a hostile or indifferent world. It calls us to reorient our perspective from the shifting sands of human opinion and power to the unshakeable rock of God's faithfulness. In moments of anxiety about job security, social standing, reputation, or even physical safety, Hebrews 13:6 reminds us that our ultimate security rests not in what we can control or what others might do, but in the unwavering commitment of the Lord to be our helper. Applying this truth means actively choosing to trust God's sovereignty over every circumstance, speaking His truth with courage, and living authentically, unburdened by the need for human approval or the dread of human disapproval. It empowers us to step out in faith, knowing that even if man does his worst, God remains our ultimate vindicator and sustainer.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
How does God being our "helper" relate to our own responsibility and effort?
God being our "helper" (Greek: boēthós) does not negate our responsibility or effort; rather, it empowers and enables it. The term boēthós implies a succorer who runs to aid someone in need, suggesting that we are actively engaged in a situation where we require assistance. It means that as we strive to live faithfully, obey God's commands, and fulfill our callings, God is actively present, providing strength, wisdom, resources, and protection that transcend our own capabilities. It's a partnership where our effort is consecrated and made effective by His divine enablement. We work, knowing that He works in and through us (Philippians 2:12-13).
Christ-Centered Fulfillment
Hebrews 13:6 finds its ultimate fulfillment and deepest meaning in Jesus Christ. He is the embodiment of God's promise to never leave or forsake us, for in Him, God Himself dwelt among us (John 1:14). Jesus is the supreme "helper" who ran to our aid, not merely in earthly circumstances, but in our deepest spiritual need, delivering us from the power of sin and death through His atoning sacrifice on the cross (Hebrews 2:14-15). His resurrection from the dead demonstrates His triumph over all that man could "do" to Him, including crucifixion, and guarantees the ultimate victory for those who trust in Him (Romans 8:37-39). Through Christ, believers are indwelt by the Holy Spirit, the Helper who empowers them to live boldly and without fear of man, knowing that their true life is hidden with Christ in God (Colossians 3:3). Thus, our ability to "boldly say, The Lord is my helper, and I will not fear what man shall do unto me" is not a mere human resolve, but a Spirit-empowered declaration rooted in the finished work and ongoing intercession of our Lord Jesus Christ (Hebrews 7:25).