Daniel 9:24

KJV

Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy.

KJV (with Strong's)

Seventy {H7657} weeks {H7620} are determined {H2852} upon thy people {H5971} and upon thy holy {H6944} city {H5892}, to finish {H3607} the transgression {H6588}, and to make an end {H8552}{H2856} of sins {H2403}, and to make reconciliation {H3722} for iniquity {H5771}, and to bring in {H935} everlasting {H5769} righteousness {H6664}, and to seal up {H2856} the vision {H2377} and prophecy {H5030}, and to anoint {H4886} the most {H6944} Holy {H6944}.

Complete Jewish Bible

"Seventy weeks have been decreed for your people and for your holy city for putting an end to the transgression, for making an end of sin, for forgiving iniquity, for bringing in everlasting justice, for setting the seal on vision and prophet, and for anointing the Especially Holy Place.

Berean Standard Bible

Seventy weeks are decreed for your people and your holy city to stop their transgression, to put an end to sin, to make atonement for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the Most Holy Place.

American Standard Version

Seventy weeks are decreed upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most holy.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Daniel 9:24 stands as a monumental prophetic declaration, unveiling God's precise timetable and six profound purposes for His covenant people, Israel, and their holy city, Jerusalem. This divine revelation, delivered by the angel Gabriel to the prophet Daniel, outlines a predetermined period of "seventy weeks" (understood as 490 years) that would culminate in the comprehensive resolution of sin, the establishment of eternal righteousness, the ultimate fulfillment of all prophecy, and the anointing of the Messiah. It is a cornerstone passage for understanding God's sovereign plan of redemption, deeply rooted in the destiny of Israel and ultimately fulfilled in the person and work of Jesus Christ.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Daniel 9:24 is the climactic response to Daniel's fervent prayer of confession and intercession for his people and Jerusalem, recorded in [Daniel 9:3-19](/daniel/9-3-19 "Daniel's Prayer for Israel and Jerusalem"). Daniel, having discerned from Jeremiah's prophecy that the seventy years of desolation were nearing their end ([Jeremiah 29:10](/jeremiah/29-10 "Jeremiah's Prophecy of Seventy Years of Exile")), sought God's mercy. In response, the angel Gabriel appears to Daniel ([Daniel 9:21](/daniel/9-21 "Gabriel's Appearance to Daniel")) to deliver a revelation that transcends the immediate seventy-year exile, extending into a far grander prophetic timeline. This verse introduces the "seventy weeks" prophecy, which is then elaborated upon in the subsequent verses of [Daniel 9:25-27](/daniel/9-25-27 "The Division of the Seventy Weeks"), detailing the specific periods and events that would unfold, leading up to the coming of the Messiah and the destruction of Jerusalem.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** The setting for Daniel 9 is the Babylonian exile, a period of immense national humiliation and spiritual reflection for the Jewish people. Jerusalem and its temple lay in ruins, a stark reminder of God's judgment on their persistent disobedience. Daniel, living in exile, was deeply burdened by the state of his people and their holy city. The concept of "weeks" (Hebrew: *shabuim*) in this prophetic context is widely understood as "sevens of years," a common prophetic idiom rooted in the Old Testament's sabbatical cycles (e.g., [Leviticus 25:8](/leviticus/25-8 "The Year of Jubilee")). This understanding is crucial, as a literal seventy-day period would be insufficient for the monumental events described. The seventy years of exile, which Daniel was contemplating, naturally set the stage for a longer, divinely appointed period of "sevens of years" to address the deeper spiritual issues of sin and restoration.
* **Key Themes:** This pivotal verse encapsulates several overarching themes central to the book of Daniel and biblical theology as a whole. Foremost is the theme of **Divine Sovereignty and Precise Timing**, emphasizing that God's plans for history, particularly concerning Israel and the Messiah, are meticulously "determined" and unalterable. The prophecy underscores God's **Faithfulness to His Covenant Promises**, even amidst Israel's unfaithfulness, demonstrating His unwavering commitment to their ultimate redemption and restoration. The six purposes outlined highlight the **Necessity and Efficacy of Atonement**, pointing to a comprehensive solution for human sin that only God could provide. Furthermore, the verse powerfully introduces the theme of **Messianic Fulfillment**, as the accomplishments described—the end of sin, the bringing in of everlasting righteousness, and the anointing of the "Most Holy"—find their ultimate and complete realization in Jesus Christ. Finally, it speaks to the **Validation of Prophecy**, asserting that God's revealed word will be perfectly fulfilled, providing assurance of His truthfulness and the reliability of His future promises.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **determined (Hebrew, _châthak'_ H2852):** This word carries the primary meaning "to cut off" or "to cut out." In this context, it signifies a precise, divinely ordained decree or decision. It implies that the "seventy weeks" are a fixed, unalterable period, "cut out" or "decreed" from the flow of time for specific, unchangeable purposes concerning Israel and Jerusalem. This emphasizes God's absolute sovereignty and the certainty of His prophetic timeline.
* **reconciliation (Hebrew, _kâphar'_ H3722):** This root word means "to cover," "to expiate," or "to atone." It is frequently used in the Old Testament in connection with the sacrificial system, where blood sacrifices were offered to "cover" or make atonement for sin. Here, it points to a final, complete, and effective covering for iniquity, going beyond the temporary nature of Old Testament sacrifices to a definitive resolution of the sin problem.
* **anoint (Hebrew, _mâshach'_ H4886):** Meaning "to rub with oil" or "to consecrate," this term is used for setting apart persons (kings, priests, prophets) or objects (tabernacle, altars) for sacred service. In the context of "the most Holy," it carries profound significance, pointing to a solemn dedication or inauguration.
* **most Holy (Hebrew, _qôdesh'_ H6944):** The repetition of "holy" (qôdesh qôdeshîm) emphasizes supreme sanctity. This phrase can refer to the Holy of Holies within the temple, the most sacred part of the sanctuary. However, in light of the other purposes in the verse, particularly the coming of everlasting righteousness and the end of sin, many scholars interpret "the most Holy" here as a reference to a person—the Messiah Himself—who is supremely holy and would be divinely consecrated for His redemptive work.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city":** This foundational clause establishes the scope and duration of the prophecy. "Seventy weeks" (Hebrew: *shabuim*) are understood as seventy "sevens" of years, totaling 490 years. This period is divinely "determined" (fixed, decreed) specifically for Daniel's "people" (Israel) and "thy holy city" (Jerusalem), indicating that the prophecy's primary focus is on the destiny of the Jewish nation and their capital.
* **"to finish the transgression":** The first of six purposes, this refers to bringing a complete cessation to rebellion and willful sin against God. It signifies a final and decisive end to the root cause of humanity's fallen state.
* **"and to make an end of sins":** This second purpose expands on the first, indicating a comprehensive termination of all forms of sin, both in its practice and its power. It speaks to the removal of the guilt and dominion of sin.
* **"and to make reconciliation for iniquity":** The third purpose focuses on atonement. "Iniquity" refers to perversity and moral evil. To "make reconciliation" (Hebrew: *kâphar*) means to provide a covering, expiation, or propitiation for these sins, bridging the gap between a holy God and sinful humanity.
* **"and to bring in everlasting righteousness":** This fourth purpose shifts from the negative (dealing with sin) to the positive. It speaks of establishing a permanent state of justice, right standing with God, and moral rectitude that is eternal and not subject to decay or corruption.
* **"and to seal up the vision and prophecy":** The fifth purpose indicates the confirmation and fulfillment of all prophetic revelations and visions concerning God's redemptive plan, particularly those related to the Messiah and His kingdom. It signifies that the events of this period will validate the truthfulness and completion of God's revealed word.
* **"and to anoint the most Holy":** The final purpose, this points to a significant consecration. As discussed in "Key Word Analysis," while it could refer to a holy place (like a rebuilt temple), the context of the other purposes strongly suggests the anointing and consecration of a person—the Messiah Himself—as the supremely Holy One, set apart for His ultimate redemptive mission.

#### Literary Devices
Daniel 9:24 masterfully employs several literary devices to convey its profound message. The most prominent is **Prophetic Language**, where future events are revealed through specific, often symbolic, terms and timelines. The phrase "seventy weeks" itself is a form of **Symbolism**, representing "sevens of years," a common prophetic idiom requiring careful interpretation. The verse also exhibits a clear **Parallelism** or **Triadic Structure** in its initial purposes: "to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity." This threefold emphasis underscores the comprehensive nature of God's solution to the problem of sin. Furthermore, the entire statement functions as a **Divine Decree**, a pronouncement of God's unalterable will, emphasizing His absolute **Sovereignty** over history. The use of "thy people and upon thy holy city" is a form of **Merism**, encompassing the entirety of Israel's national and spiritual existence, indicating the broad scope of this prophecy.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Daniel 9:24 is a theological powerhouse, serving as a linchpin in understanding God's overarching plan of redemption. It unequivocally declares God's absolute sovereignty over history, demonstrating that even amidst human sin and national judgment, His divine purposes are meticulously "determined" and will inevitably come to pass. The six stated objectives reveal the core of God's redemptive work: a complete and final solution to the problem of sin, the establishment of a perfect and everlasting righteousness, and the ultimate fulfillment of all prophetic revelation concerning His kingdom and the Messiah. This verse highlights the profound necessity of atonement, a theme central to biblical theology, and points forward to the definitive means by which God would reconcile humanity to Himself. It underscores that true righteousness is not something human beings can achieve on their own, but must be "brought in" by divine initiative. Ultimately, the prophecy affirms the reliability of God's Word and the certainty of His future kingdom.

* [Isaiah 53:5-6](/isaiah/53-5-6 "Isaiah's Prophecy of the Suffering Servant's Atonement")
* [Romans 3:21-26](/romans/3-21-26 "Righteousness Through Faith in Jesus Christ")
* [Hebrews 9:11-14](/hebrews/9-11-14 "Christ's Superior Sacrifice and Eternal Redemption")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Daniel 9:24 offers profound comfort and a robust foundation for faith in a world often characterized by chaos and uncertainty. The knowledge that God has "determined" specific events and purposes throughout history, even down to the precise timing of the Messiah's arrival and the resolution of sin, provides immense assurance of His sovereign control. For believers, this verse deepens our appreciation for the finished work of Christ. It reminds us that our reconciliation with God, the forgiveness of our sins, and our standing in "everlasting righteousness" are not based on our efforts but on His perfect, predetermined plan executed through Jesus. This truth should inspire a life of gratitude, humility, and confident hope. It calls us to live in light of a God who is faithful to His promises, who has decisively dealt with the sin problem, and who will ultimately bring all things to their appointed, righteous conclusion. We are invited to rest in His sovereignty and to participate in His ongoing mission, knowing that His purposes will prevail.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does the precision of God's timing in this prophecy strengthen your faith in His overarching plan for your life and for history?**
* **In what ways does the comprehensive dealing with sin—"to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity"—deepen your understanding and appreciation of Christ's sacrifice?**
* **What practical implications does the promise "to bring in everlasting righteousness" have for your daily walk, your relationships, and your pursuit of holiness?**
* **How does the "sealing up of the vision and prophecy" affirm the reliability and ultimate truthfulness of God's Word for you personally?**

### FAQ

**What are the "seventy weeks" mentioned in Daniel 9:24?**

Answer: The "seventy weeks" (Hebrew: *shabuim*) are widely understood by biblical scholars to refer to seventy "sevens" of years, totaling a period of 490 years. This interpretation is supported by the context of Daniel's prayer concerning Jeremiah's prophecy of seventy years of exile ([Jeremiah 29:10](/jeremiah/29-10 "Jeremiah's Prophecy of Seventy Years of Exile")), as well as the magnitude of the events described in Daniel 9:24-27, which clearly require a much longer duration than literal weeks of days. This 490-year period is divided into segments in the subsequent verses, marking significant historical and prophetic milestones related to Jerusalem and the Messiah.

**Who is "the most Holy" that is to be anointed in this prophecy?**

Answer: The phrase "the most Holy" (Hebrew: *qôdesh qôdeshîm*) can refer to a sacred place, such as the Holy of Holies in the temple, or to a supremely holy person. Given the context of the six redemptive purposes outlined in [Daniel 9:24](/daniel/9-24 "Daniel 9:24 - The Seventy Weeks Prophecy"), particularly the bringing in of everlasting righteousness and the making of reconciliation for iniquity, the strongest theological interpretation points to the anointing of the Messiah Himself. This refers to Jesus Christ, who is supremely holy and was divinely consecrated for His unique role as King, Priest, and Prophet, fulfilling all the requirements for atonement and righteousness.

**How does Daniel 9:24 relate to the concept of the end times or eschatology?**

Answer: Daniel 9:24 is foundational to many eschatological interpretations, particularly those that see a precise timeline for God's dealings with Israel. Many dispensational interpretations propose a "gap" or "parenthesis" in the prophetic timeline after the 69th week (which culminated in the first coming of Christ and the destruction of Jerusalem), before the final 70th week. This final "week" is often identified with the future seven-year period of tribulation described in other prophetic books, which will culminate in the second coming of Christ, the establishment of His earthly kingdom, and the full realization of the purposes for Israel and Jerusalem outlined in this verse. Thus, it provides a framework for understanding the unfolding of God's plan up to the very end of this age.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Daniel 9:24 finds its ultimate and glorious fulfillment in the person and work of Jesus Christ. The six divine purposes outlined in this verse are not merely abstract ideals but are concretely realized through His life, death, resurrection, and future reign. The first three purposes—"to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity"—were definitively accomplished by Christ's atoning sacrifice on the cross. His perfect life and sacrificial death provided the complete and final payment for humanity's sin, as He became sin for us ([2 Corinthians 5:21](/2_corinthians/5-21 "Christ Became Sin for Us")) and reconciled us to God through His blood ([Colossians 1:19-20](/colossians/1-19-20 "Reconciliation Through Christ's Blood")). Furthermore, Christ's perfect obedience and righteousness "brought in everlasting righteousness" ([Romans 3:21-26](/romans/3-21-26 "Righteousness Through Faith in Jesus Christ")). Through faith in Him, believers are clothed with His righteousness, which is eternal and unblemished ([Philippians 3:9](/philippians/3-9 "Righteousness from God")). The fifth purpose, "to seal up the vision and prophecy," was fulfilled as Christ's life and ministry perfectly confirmed and brought to completion all the Old Testament prophecies concerning the Messiah ([Luke 24:44](/luke/24-44 "Jesus Explains Scriptures Concerning Himself")). Finally, "to anoint the most Holy" points directly to Jesus Himself, the supremely Holy One, who was divinely anointed by the Holy Spirit for His redemptive mission ([Acts 10:38](/acts/10-38 "God Anointed Jesus with the Holy Spirit")) and consecrated as the eternal High Priest and King ([Hebrews 1:9](/hebrews/1-9 "God Anointed Jesus")). Thus, Daniel 9:24 stands as a profound testament to Jesus Christ as the epicenter of God's redemptive plan, the one in whom all divine purposes converge and are brought to fruition.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Hebrews 9:11

But Christ being come an high priest of good things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building;

Hebrews 9:14

How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?

Jeremiah 23:5

Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will raise unto David a righteous Branch, and a King shall reign and prosper, and shall execute judgment and justice in the earth.

Jeremiah 23:6

In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell safely: and this [is] his name whereby he shall be called, THE LORD OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS.

Romans 5:10

For if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, being reconciled, we shall be saved by his life.

Leviticus 25:8

¶ And thou shalt number seven sabbaths of years unto thee, seven times seven years; and the space of the seven sabbaths of years shall be unto thee forty and nine years.

Numbers 14:34

After the number of the days in which ye searched the land, [even] forty days, each day for a year, shall ye bear your iniquities, [even] forty years, and ye shall know my breach of promise.