King James Version:
(The Lord speaking is red text)
And wine [that] maketh glad the heart of man, [and] oil to make [his] face to shine, and bread [which] strengtheneth man's heart.
Complete Jewish Bible:
wine that gladdens the human heart, oil to make faces glow, and food to sustain their strength.
Berean Standard Bible:
wine that gladdens the heart of man, oil that makes his face to shine, and bread that sustains his heart.
American Standard Version:
And wine that maketh glad the heart of man, Andoil to make his face to shine, And bread that strengtheneth man’s heart.
KJV with Strong’s Numbers:
And wine{H3196} that maketh glad{H8055} the heart{H3824} of man{H582}, and oil{H8081} to make his face{H6440} to shine{H6670}, and bread{H3899} which strengtheneth{H5582} man's{H582} heart{H3824}.
Cross-References (KJV):
Psalms 23:5
- Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies: thou anointest my head with oil; my cup runneth over.
Ecclesiastes 9:7
- Go thy way, eat thy bread with joy, and drink thy wine with a merry heart; for God now accepteth thy works.
Ecclesiastes 10:19
- A feast is made for laughter, and wine maketh merry: but money answereth all [things].
Judges 9:13
- And the vine said unto them, Should I leave my wine, which cheereth God and man, and go to be promoted over the trees?
Psalms 92:10
- But my horn shalt thou exalt like [the horn of] an unicorn: I shall be anointed with fresh oil.
Ephesians 5:18
- And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be filled with the Spirit;
Hebrews 1:9
- Thou hast loved righteousness, and hated iniquity; therefore God, [even] thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.
Explore This Verse Across Other Resources:
Commentary for Psalms 104:15
104:15 is part of Psalm 104, a hymn of praise that celebrates God's creation and providence. This particular verse highlights the goodness of God as seen in the bountiful provisions for humanity. The themes in this verse include joy, nourishment, and the Divine care for human needs. Wine, oil, and bread were staples of the ancient Near Eastern diet and were also used in various religious and social contexts. Wine is said to gladden the heart, reflecting its use as a source of joy and celebration. Oil, often associated with festivity and health, is described as making the face shine, indicating vitality and prosperity. Bread, a fundamental food that sustains life, is credited with strengthening a person's heart, symbolizing physical and emotional fortitude.
In the historical context, these items were not merely physical sustenance but also symbolized God's covenantal faithfulness and blessings. The mention of wine, oil, and bread together echoes the rich agricultural life of ancient Israel and the importance of these commodities in trade, worship, and daily living. The verse reflects a broader understanding in the ancient world that the fruits of the earth were to be received with gratitude as gifts from the Creator.
Psalm 104 as a whole is a nature psalm, similar in style to the Egyptian Hymn to the Aten, and reflects a universal appreciation for the created world. It speaks to the cyclical nature of life and the interdependence of all living things, emphasizing the role of God as the sustainer and provider for all creation. Verse 15 specifically underscores the joy and strength that come from the simple yet vital gifts of God, inviting the reader to recognize and celebrate the divine generosity present in the everyday necessities of life.
*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model
Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
- Strong's Number: H3196
There are 134 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: יַיִן
Transliteration: yayin
Pronunciation: yah'-yin
Description: from an unused root meaning to effervesce; wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication; banqueting, wine, wine(-bibber). - Strong's Number: H8055
There are 145 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שָׂמַח
Transliteration: sâmach
Pronunciation: saw-makh'
Description: a primitive root; probably to brighten up, i.e. (figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or gleesome; cheer up, be (make) glad, (have, make) joy(-ful), be (make) merry, (cause to, make to) rejoice, [idiom] very. - Strong's Number: H3824
There are 230 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: לֵבָב
Transliteration: lêbâb
Pronunciation: lay-bawb'
Description: from לָבַב; used also like לֵב; the heart (as the most interior organ); [phrase] bethink themselves, breast, comfortably, courage, ((faint), (tender-) heart(-ed), midst, mind, [idiom] unawares, understanding. - Strong's Number: H582
There are 648 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אֱנוֹשׁ
Transliteration: ʼĕnôwsh
Pronunciation: en-oshe'
Description: from אָנַשׁ; properly, a mortal (and thus differing from the more dignified אָדָם); hence,; a man in general (singly or collectively); another, [idiom] (blood-) thirsty, certain, chap(-man); divers, fellow, [idiom] in the flower of their age, husband, (certain, mortal) man, people, person, servant, some ([idiom] of them), [phrase] stranger, those, [phrase] their trade. It is often unexpressed in the English versions, especially when used in apposition with another word. Compare אִישׁ. - Strong's Number: H8081
There are 176 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שֶׁמֶן
Transliteration: shemen
Pronunciation: sheh'-men
Description: from שָׁמַן; grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness; anointing, [idiom] fat (things), [idiom] fruitful, oil(-ed), ointment, olive, [phrase] pine. - Strong's Number: H6440
There are 1890 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: פָּנִים
Transliteration: pânîym
Pronunciation: paw-neem'
Description: plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun פָּנֶה; from פָּנָה); the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.); [phrase] accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, [idiom] as (long as), at, [phrase] battle, [phrase] because (of), [phrase] beseech, countenance, edge, [phrase] employ, endure, [phrase] enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, [idiom] him(-self), [phrase] honourable, [phrase] impudent, [phrase] in, it, look(-eth) (-s), [idiom] me, [phrase] meet, [idiom] more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), [idiom] on, open, [phrase] out of, over against, the partial, person, [phrase] please, presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, [phrase] regard, right forth, [phrase] serve, [idiom] shewbread, sight, state, straight, [phrase] street, [idiom] thee, [idiom] them(-selves), through ([phrase] -out), till, time(-s) past, (un-) to(-ward), [phrase] upon, upside ([phrase] down), with(-in, [phrase] -stand), [idiom] ye, [idiom] you. - Strong's Number: H6670
There are 9 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: צָהַל
Transliteration: tsâhal
Pronunciation: tsaw-hal'
Description: a primitive root; to gleam, i.e. (figuratively) be cheerful; by transference to sound clear (of various animal or human expressions); bellow, cry aloud (out), lift up, neigh, rejoice, make to shine, shout. - Strong's Number: H3899
There are 277 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: לֶחֶם
Transliteration: lechem
Pronunciation: lekh'-em
Description: from לָחַם; See also בֵּית לְעַפְרָה; food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it); (shew-) bread, [idiom] eat, food, fruit, loaf, meat, victuals. - Strong's Number: H5582
There are 12 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: סָעַד
Transliteration: çâʻad
Pronunciation: saw-ad'
Description: a primitive root; to suport (mostly figurative); comfort, establish, hold up, refresh self, strengthen, be upholden.