Leviticus 23:18

King James Version:

(The Lord speaking is red text)

And ye shall offer with the bread seven lambs without blemish of the first year, and one young bullock, and two rams: they shall be [for] a burnt offering unto the LORD, with their meat offering, and their drink offerings, [even] an offering made by fire, of sweet savour unto the LORD.

Complete Jewish Bible:

Along with the bread, present seven lambs without defect one year old, one young bull and two rams; these will be a burnt offering for ADONAI, with their grain and drink offerings, an offering made by fire as a fragrant aroma for ADONAI.

Berean Standard Bible:

Along with the bread you are to present seven unblemished male lambs a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They will be a burnt offering to the LORD, together with their grain offerings and drink offerings—an offering made by fire, a pleasing aroma to the LORD.

American Standard Version:

And ye shall present with the bread seven lambs without blemish a year old, and one young bullock, and two rams: they shall be a burnt-offering unto Jehovah, with their meal-offering, and their drink-offerings, even an offering made by fire, of a sweet savor unto Jehovah.

KJV with Strong’s Numbers:

And ye shall offer^{H7126} with the bread^{H3899} seven^{H7651} lambs^{H3532} without blemish^{H8549} of the first^{H1121} year^{H8141}, and one^{H259} young^{{H1241}{H1121}} bullock^{H6499}, and two^{H8147} rams^{H352}: they shall be for a burnt offering^{H5930} unto the LORD^{H3068}, with their meat offering^{H4503}, and their drink offerings^{H5262}, even an offering made by fire^{H801}, of sweet^{H5207} savour^{H7381} unto the LORD^{H3068}.

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Commentary for Leviticus 23:18

1. **Themes:**
- **Sacrifice and Atonement:** The verse emphasizes the importance of offering sacrifices to God, which was a central practice in Israelite religion for atonement and maintaining a right relationship with the divine.
- **Purity and Perfection:** The requirement for animals without blemish symbolizes the idea of offering one's best to God, reflecting a theme of purity and perfection in worship.
- **Communion with God:** The burnt offering, accompanied by grain and drink offerings, signifies complete dedication to God and a desire for communion with Him, as the offering is wholly consumed by fire, ascending as a "sweet savour" to the Lord.

2. **Historical Context:**
- **Mosaic Law:** Leviticus 23:18 is part of the Mosaic Law given to the Israelites after their exodus from Egypt. It is set within the context of instructions for various feasts and offerings that God commanded the Israelites to observe.
- **Feast of Weeks (Pentecost):** Specifically, this verse pertains to the offerings to be made on the day of the Feast of Weeks, also known as Shavuot or Pentecost, which was one of the three major annual festivals in ancient Israel. This festival occurred fifty days after the Passover and celebrated the end of the grain harvest.
- **Agricultural Significance:** The timing of the Feast of Weeks was significant for an agricultural society, and the offerings reflected the harvest's bounty, with the bread and drink offerings symbolizing the firstfruits given to God.
- **Covenantal Remembrance:** The festival also had historical significance as it commemorated the giving of the Law to Moses on Mount Sinai, reinforcing the covenantal relationship between God and Israel.

In summary, Leviticus 23:18 is a prescription for the specific offerings to be presented during the Feast of Weeks, highlighting themes of sacrificial worship, purity, communion with God, and the agricultural and covenantal cycles of ancient Israelite society.

*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model

Strong's Numbers and Definitions:

Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)

1. Strong's Number: H7126
   There are 259 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: קָרַב
   Transliteration: qârab
   Pronunciation: kaw-rab'
   Description: a primitive root; to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose; (cause to) approach, (cause to) bring (forth, near), (cause to) come (near, nigh), (cause to) draw near (nigh), go (near), be at hand, join, be near, offer, present, produce, make ready, stand, take.
   
2. Strong's Number: H3899
   There are 277 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: לֶחֶם
   Transliteration: lechem
   Pronunciation: lekh'-em
   Description: from לָחַם; See also בֵּית לְעַפְרָה; food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it); (shew-) bread, [idiom] eat, food, fruit, loaf, meat, victuals.
   
3. Strong's Number: H7651
   There are 345 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: שֶׁבַע
   Transliteration: shebaʻ
   Pronunciation: sheh'-bah
   Description: or (masculine) (שִׁבְעָה); from שָׁבַע; a primitive cardinal number; seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number; ([phrase] by) seven(-fold),-s, (-teen, -teenth), -th, times). Compare שִׁבְעָנָה.
   
4. Strong's Number: H3532
   There are 100 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: כֶּבֶשׂ
   Transliteration: kebes
   Pronunciation: keh-bes'
   Description: from an unused root meaning to dominate; a ram (just old enough to butt); lamb, sheep.
   
5. Strong's Number: H8549
   There are 85 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: תָּמִים
   Transliteration: tâmîym
   Pronunciation: taw-meem'
   Description: from תָּמַם; entire (literally, figuratively or morally); also (as noun) integrity, truth; without blemish, complete, full, perfect, sincerely (-ity), sound, without spot, undefiled, upright(-ly), whole.
   
6. Strong's Number: H1121
   There are 3654 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: בֵּן
   Transliteration: bên
   Pronunciation: bane
   Description: from בָּנָה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
   
7. Strong's Number: H8141
   There are 647 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: שָׁנֶה
   Transliteration: shâneh
   Pronunciation: shaw-neh'
   Description: (in plural or (feminine) שָׁנָה; from שָׁנָה; a year (as a revolution of time); [phrase] whole age, [idiom] long, [phrase] old, year([idiom] -ly).
   
8. Strong's Number: H259
   There are 801 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: אֶחָד
   Transliteration: ʼechâd
   Pronunciation: ekh-awd'
   Description: a numeral from אָחַד; properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first; a, alike, alone, altogether, and, any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-) ly, each (one), [phrase] eleven, every, few, first, [phrase] highway, a man, once, one, only, other, some, together,
   
9. Strong's Number: H1241
   There are 172 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: בָּקָר
   Transliteration: bâqâr
   Pronunciation: baw-kawr'
   Description: from בָּקַר; beef cattle or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd; beeve, bull ([phrase] -ock), [phrase] calf, [phrase] cow, great (cattle), [phrase] heifer, herd, kine, ox.
   
10. Strong's Number: H6499
    There are 119 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: פַּר
    Transliteration: par
    Pronunciation: par
    Description: or פָּר; from פָּרַר; a bullock (apparently as breaking forth in wild strength, or perhaps as dividing the hoof); ([phrase] young) bull(-ock), calf, ox.
    
11. Strong's Number: H8147
    There are 647 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: שְׁנַיִם
    Transliteration: shᵉnayim
    Pronunciation: shen-ah'-yim
    Description: dual of שֵׁנִי; feminine שְׁתַּיִם; two; also (as ordinal) twofold; both, couple, double, second, twain, [phrase] twelfth, [phrase] twelve, [phrase] twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two.
    
12. Strong's Number: H352
    There are 256 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: אַיִל
    Transliteration: ʼayil
    Pronunciation: ah'-yil
    Description: from the same as אוּל; properly, strength; hence, anything strong; specifically a chief (politically); also a ram (from his strength); a pilaster (as a strong support); an oak or other strong tree; mighty (man), lintel, oak, post, ram, tree.
    
13. Strong's Number: H5930
    There are 262 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: עֹלָה
    Transliteration: ʻôlâh
    Pronunciation: o-law'
    Description: or עוֹלָה; feminine active participle of עָלָה; a step or (collectively, stairs, as ascending); usually a holocaust (as going up in smoke); ascent, burnt offering (sacrifice), go up to. See also עֶוֶל.
    
14. Strong's Number: H3068
    There are 5521 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: יְהֹוָה
    Transliteration: Yᵉhôvâh
    Pronunciation: yeh-ho-vaw'
    Description: from הָיָה; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God; Jehovah, the Lord. Compare יָהּ, יְהֹוִה.
    
15. Strong's Number: H4503
    There are 194 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: מִנְחָה
    Transliteration: minchâh
    Pronunciation: min-khaw'
    Description: from an unused root meaning to apportion, i.e. bestow; a donation; euphemistically, tribute; specifically a sacrificial offering (usually bloodless and voluntary); gift, oblation, (meat) offering, present, sacrifice.
    
16. Strong's Number: H5262
    There are 62 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: נֶסֶךְ
    Transliteration: neçek
    Pronunciation: neh'-sek
    Description: or נֵסֶךְ; from נָסַךְ; a libation; also a cast idol; cover, drink offering, molten image.
    
17. Strong's Number: H801
    There are 357 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: אִשָּׁה
    Transliteration: ʼishshâh
    Pronunciation: ish-shaw'
    Description: the same as אֶשָּׁה, but used in a liturgical sense; properly, a burnt-offering; but occasionally of any sacrifice; (offering, sacrifice), (made) by fire.
    
18. Strong's Number: H5207
    There are 43 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: נִיחוֹחַ
    Transliteration: nîychôwach
    Pronunciation: nee-kho'-akh
    Description: or נִיחֹחַ; from נוּחַ; properly, restful, i.e. pleasant; abstractly, delight; sweet (odour).
    
19. Strong's Number: H7381
    There are 55 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: רֵיחַ
    Transliteration: rêyach
    Pronunciation: ray'-akh
    Description: from רוּחַ; odor (as if blown); savour, scent, smell.