King James Version:
(The Lord speaking is red text)
And it came to pass on the fourth day, when they arose early in the morning, that he rose up to depart: and the damsel's father said unto his son in law, Comfort thine heart with a morsel of bread, and afterward go your way.
Complete Jewish Bible:
On the fourth day they got up early in the morning, and he prepared to leave. But the girl's father said to his son-in-law, "You'll feel better if you have a bite of food before you leave."
Berean Standard Bible:
On the fourth day, they got up early in the morning and prepared to depart, but the girl’s father said to his son-in-law, “Refresh your heart with a morsel of bread, and then you can go.”
American Standard Version:
And it came to pass on the fourth day, that they arose early in the morning, and he rose up to depart: and the damsel’s father said unto his son-in-law, Strengthen thy heart with a morsel of bread, and afterward ye shall go your way.
KJV with Strong’s Numbers:
And it came to pass on the fourth{H7243} day{H3117}, when they arose early{H7925} in the morning{H1242}, that he rose up{H6965} to depart{H3212}: and the damsel's{H5291} father{H1} said{H559} unto his son in law{H2860}, Comfort{H5582} thine heart{H3820} with a morsel{H6595} of bread{H3899}, and afterward{H310} go your way{H3212}.
Cross-References (KJV):
Judges 19:8
- And he arose early in the morning on the fifth day to depart: and the damsel's father said, Comfort thine heart, I pray thee. And they tarried until afternoon, and they did eat both of them.
Genesis 18:5
- And I will fetch a morsel of bread, and comfort ye your hearts; after that ye shall pass on: for therefore are ye come to your servant. And they said, So do, as thou hast said.
1 Samuel 30:12
- And they gave him a piece of a cake of figs, and two clusters of raisins: and when he had eaten, his spirit came again to him: for he had eaten no bread, nor drunk [any] water, three days and three nights.
1 Kings 13:7
- And the king said unto the man of God, Come home with me, and refresh thyself, and I will give thee a reward.
Psalms 104:15
- And wine [that] maketh glad the heart of man, [and] oil to make [his] face to shine, and bread [which] strengtheneth man's heart.
Acts 9:19
- And when he had received meat, he was strengthened. Then was Saul certain days with the disciples which were at Damascus.
1 Samuel 14:27
- But Jonathan heard not when his father charged the people with the oath: wherefore he put forth the end of the rod that [was] in his hand, and dipped it in an honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth; and his eyes were enlightened.
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Commentary for Judges 19:5
Judges 19:5 is part of a larger narrative in the Book of Judges, which recounts the history of Israel from the death of Joshua until the rise of the monarchy. This period is characterized by a cycle of apostasy, oppression, repentance, and deliverance among the Israelites. The verse is set in a time when "there was no king in Israel," indicating a period of moral and social decline, where individuals did what was right in their own eyes without a central authority to enforce law and order.
In this particular verse, a Levite from the hill country of Ephraim is traveling with his concubine, who had left him, and they are seeking to return to his home. They have stopped at the house of the woman's father in Bethlehem. The father, eager to extend hospitality and perhaps unaware of the severity of the rift between his daughter and her husband, entreats the Levite to stay and "comfort thine heart with a morsel of bread" before continuing on his journey. This offer of food and rest is indicative of the ancient Near Eastern customs of hospitality, which were of great importance in the culture of the time.
The themes present in this verse include the breakdown of familial relationships, as evidenced by the concubine's departure from the Levite, and the attempt to mend these ties through traditional customs of hospitality. The father's gesture of offering bread is a sign of peace and reconciliation, an effort to restore well-being and comfort to his son-in-law and daughter before they part ways again. The narrative also foreshadows the tragic events that will unfold later in the chapter, highlighting the moral decay and violence that characterized this era in Israel's history.
Historically, this text reflects the tumultuous and often brutal nature of life during the time of the judges, where the lack of central governance led to social chaos and personal stories of tragedy and survival. It serves as a prelude to the more detailed account of the horrific events in Gibeah, which will prompt a civil war among the Israelite tribes and underscore the urgent need for stable leadership and moral guidance in the nation.
*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model
Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
- Strong's Number: H7243
There are 54 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: רְבִיעִי
Transliteration: rᵉbîyʻîy
Pronunciation: reb-ee-ee'
Description: or רְבִעִי; from רָבַע; fourth; also (fractionally) a fourth; foursquare, fourth (part). - Strong's Number: H3117
There are 1931 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: יוֹם
Transliteration: yôwm
Pronunciation: yome
Description: from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb); age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, [phrase] old, [phrase] outlived, [phrase] perpetually, presently, [phrase] remaineth, [idiom] required, season, [idiom] since, space, then, (process of) time, [phrase] as at other times, [phrase] in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), [idiom] whole ([phrase] age), (full) year(-ly), [phrase] younger. - Strong's Number: H7925
There are 64 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שָׁכַם
Transliteration: shâkam
Pronunciation: shaw-kam'
Description: a primitive root; properly, to incline (the shoulder to a burden); but used only as denominative from שְׁכֶם; literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e. to start early in the morning; (arise, be up, get (oneself) up, rise up) early (betimes), morning. - Strong's Number: H1242
There are 189 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: בֹּקֶר
Transliteration: bôqer
Pronunciation: bo'-ker
Description: from בָּקַר; properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning; ([phrase]) day, early, morning, morrow. - Strong's Number: H6965
There are 596 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: קוּם
Transliteration: qûwm
Pronunciation: koom
Description: a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative); abide, accomplish, [idiom] be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, [idiom] be dim, endure, [idiom] enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift up (again), make, [idiom] but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up), rear (up), remain, (a-) rise (up) (again, against), rouse up, set (up), (e-) stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up, strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -rising). - Strong's Number: H3212
There are 938 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: יָלַךְ
Transliteration: yâlak
Pronunciation: yaw-lak'
Description: a primitive root (compare הָלַךְ); to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses); [idiom] again, away, bear, bring, carry (away), come (away), depart, flow, [phrase] follow(-ing), get (away, hence, him), (cause to, made) go (away, -ing, -ne, one's way, out), grow, lead (forth), let down, march, prosper, [phrase] pursue, cause to run, spread, take away (-journey), vanish, (cause to) walk(-ing), wax, [idiom] be weak. - Strong's Number: H5291
There are 57 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: נַעֲרָה
Transliteration: naʻărâh
Pronunciation: nah-ar-aw'
Description: feminine of נַעַר; a girl (from infancy to adolescence); damsel, maid(-en), young (woman). - Strong's Number: H1
There are 15773 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אָב
Transliteration: ʼâb
Pronunciation: awb
Description: a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application; chief, (fore-) father(-less), [idiom] patrimony, principal. Compare names in 'Abi-'. - Strong's Number: H559
There are 4434 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אָמַר
Transliteration: ʼâmar
Pronunciation: aw-mar'
Description: a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude); answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet. - Strong's Number: H2860
There are 19 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: חָתָן
Transliteration: châthân
Pronunciation: khaw-thawn'
Description: from חָתַן; a relative by marriage (especially through the bride); figuratively, a circumcised child (as a species of religious espousal); bridegroom, husband, son in law. - Strong's Number: H5582
There are 12 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: סָעַד
Transliteration: çâʻad
Pronunciation: saw-ad'
Description: a primitive root; to suport (mostly figurative); comfort, establish, hold up, refresh self, strengthen, be upholden. - Strong's Number: H3820
There are 550 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: לֵב
Transliteration: lêb
Pronunciation: labe
Description: a form of לֵבָב; the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything; [phrase] care for, comfortably, consent, [idiom] considered, courag(-eous), friend(-ly), ((broken-), (hard-), (merry-), (stiff-), (stout-), double) heart(-ed), [idiom] heed, [idiom] I, kindly, midst, mind(-ed), [idiom] regard(-ed), [idiom] themselves, [idiom] unawares, understanding, [idiom] well, willingly, wisdom. - Strong's Number: H6595
There are 15 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: פַּת
Transliteration: path
Pronunciation: path
Description: from פָּתַת; a bit; meat, morsel, piece. - Strong's Number: H3899
There are 277 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: לֶחֶם
Transliteration: lechem
Pronunciation: lekh'-em
Description: from לָחַם; See also בֵּית לְעַפְרָה; food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it); (shew-) bread, [idiom] eat, food, fruit, loaf, meat, victuals. - Strong's Number: H310
There are 766 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אַחַר
Transliteration: ʼachar
Pronunciation: akh-ar'
Description: from אָחַר; properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses); after (that, -ward), again, at, away from, back (from, -side), behind, beside, by, follow (after, -ing), forasmuch, from, hereafter, hinder end, [phrase] out (over) live, [phrase] persecute, posterity, pursuing, remnant, seeing, since, thence(-forth), when, with.