King James Version:
(The Lord speaking is red text)
Tarshish [was] thy merchant by reason of the multitude of all [kind of] riches; with silver, iron, tin, and lead, they traded in thy fairs.
Complete Jewish Bible:
"'Tarshish did business with you because of the quantity and variety of your resources; they exchanged silver, iron, tin and lead for your goods.
Berean Standard Bible:
Tarshish was your merchant because of your great wealth of goods; they exchanged silver, iron, tin, and lead for your wares.
American Standard Version:
Tarshish was thy merchant by reason of the multitude of all kinds of riches; with silver, iron, tin, and lead, they traded for thy wares.
KJV with Strong’s Numbers:
Tarshish{H8659} was thy merchant{H5503} by reason of the multitude{H7230} of all kind of riches{H1952}; with silver{H3701}, iron{H1270}, tin{H913}, and lead{H5777}, they traded{H5414} in thy fairs{H5801}.
Cross-References (KJV):
Genesis 10:4
- And the sons of Javan; Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.
1 Kings 10:22
- For the king had at sea a navy of Tharshish with the navy of Hiram: once in three years came the navy of Tharshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks.
Isaiah 23:10
- Pass through thy land as a river, O daughter of Tarshish: [there is] no more strength.
Ezekiel 38:13
- Sheba, and Dedan, and the merchants of Tarshish, with all the young lions thereof, shall say unto thee, Art thou come to take a spoil? hast thou gathered thy company to take a prey? to carry away silver and gold, to take away cattle and goods, to take a great spoil?
Isaiah 23:6
- Pass ye over to Tarshish; howl, ye inhabitants of the isle.
Jeremiah 10:9
- Silver spread into plates is brought from Tarshish, and gold from Uphaz, the work of the workman, and of the hands of the founder: blue and purple [is] their clothing: they [are] all the work of cunning [men].
Isaiah 2:16
- And upon all the ships of Tarshish, and upon all pleasant pictures.
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Commentary for Ezekiel 27:12
Ezekiel 27:12 is a verse from the Book of Ezekiel, which is part of the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament. The prophet Ezekiel, to whom the book is attributed, lived during the Babylonian exile and was active as a prophet from about 593 to 565 BCE. The verse is set within a larger lamentation over the city of Tyre, an ancient Phoenician city renowned for its wealth, maritime trade, and commercial power.
In this particular verse, the prophet describes the extensive trade relations between Tyre and Tarshish, a distant and legendary land often associated with the far west, possibly in modern-day Spain or a region along the Mediterranean. Tarshish is mentioned in the Bible as a source of precious metals and commodities. Here, Ezekiel highlights the economic prosperity of Tyre, which attracted merchants from Tarshish due to the "multitude of all [kind of] riches." The verse specifies that these merchants brought silver, iron, tin, and lead to trade at the fairs of Tyre, underscoring the city's role as a major hub in the ancient world's economic system.
The historical context of this verse reflects the extensive trade networks of the time, which facilitated the exchange of goods across vast distances. The mention of these metals indicates the material wealth and the variety of resources that were accessible to the Phoenicians through their sophisticated maritime trade. The verse also hints at the interdependence of ancient economies and the way in which the demand for luxury goods and raw materials fueled international trade.
In summary, Ezekiel 27:12 provides a snapshot of the bustling commercial activity that made Tyre a center of wealth and power in the ancient world. It speaks to the city's far-reaching influence and the network of trade that connected distant lands, highlighting the economic and material themes that are central to understanding the prosperity and eventual downfall of Tyre, as lamented by the prophet Ezekiel.
*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model
Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
- Strong's Number: H8659
There are 24 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: תַּרְשִׁישׁ
Transliteration: Tarshîysh
Pronunciation: tar-sheesh'
Description: probably the same as תַּרְשִׁישׁ (as the region of the stone, or the reverse); Tarshish, a place on the Mediterranean, hence, the ephithet of a merchant vessel (as if for or from that port); also the name of a Persian and of an Israelite; Tarshish, Tharshish. - Strong's Number: H5503
There are 20 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: סָחַר
Transliteration: çâchar
Pronunciation: saw-khar'
Description: a primitive root; to travel round (specifically as a pedlar); intensively, to palpitate; go about, merchant(-man), occupy with, pant, trade, traffick. - Strong's Number: H7230
There are 149 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: רֹב
Transliteration: rôb
Pronunciation: robe
Description: from רָבַב; abundance (in any respect); abundance(-antly), all, [idiom] common (sort), excellent, great(-ly, -ness, number), huge, be increased, long, many, more in number, most, much, multitude, plenty(-ifully), [idiom] very (age). - Strong's Number: H1952
There are 26 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: הוֹן
Transliteration: hôwn
Pronunciation: hone
Description: from the same as הוּן in the sense of אוֹן; wealth; by implication, enough; enough, [phrase] for nought, riches, substance, wealth. - Strong's Number: H3701
There are 343 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: כֶּסֶף
Transliteration: keçeph
Pronunciation: keh'-sef
Description: from כָּסַף; silver (from its pale color); by implication, money; money, price, silver(-ling). - Strong's Number: H1270
There are 70 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: בַּרְזֶל
Transliteration: barzel
Pronunciation: bar-zel'
Description: perhaps from the root of בִּרְזוֹת; iron (as cutting); by extension, an iron implement; (ax) head, iron. - Strong's Number: H913
There are 6 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: בְּדִיל
Transliteration: bᵉdîyl
Pronunciation: bed-eel'
Description: from בָּדַל; alloy (because removed by smelting); by analogy, tin; [phrase] plummet, tin. - Strong's Number: H5777
There are 9 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: עוֹפֶרֶת
Transliteration: ʻôwphereth
Pronunciation: o-feh'-reth
Description: or עֹפֶרֶת; feminine participle active of עָפַר; lead (from its dusty color); lead. - Strong's Number: H5414
There are 1816 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: נָתַן
Transliteration: nâthan
Pronunciation: naw-than'
Description: a primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.); add, apply, appoint, ascribe, assign, [idiom] avenge, [idiom] be (healed), bestow, bring (forth, hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, [phrase] cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, [idiom] doubtless, [idiom] without fail, fasten, frame, [idiom] get, give (forth, over, up), grant, hang (up), [idiom] have, [idiom] indeed, lay (unto charge, up), (give) leave, lend, let (out), [phrase] lie, lift up, make, [phrase] O that, occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, [idiom] pull, put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send (out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), [phrase] sing, [phrase] slander, strike, (sub-) mit, suffer, [idiom] surely, [idiom] take, thrust, trade, turn, utter, [phrase] weep, [phrase] willingly, [phrase] withdraw, [phrase] would (to) God, yield. - Strong's Number: H5801
There are 7 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: עִזָּבוֹן
Transliteration: ʻizzâbôwn
Pronunciation: iz-zaw-bone'
Description: from עָזַב in the sense of letting go (for a price, i.e. selling); trade, i.e. the place (mart) or the payment (revenue); fair, ware.