Exodus 34:1

King James Version:

(The Lord speaking is red text)

¶ And the LORD said unto Moses, Hew thee two tables of stone like unto the first: and I will write upon [these] tables the words that were in the first tables, which thou brakest.

Complete Jewish Bible:

ADONAI said to Moshe, "Cut yourself two tablets of stone like the first ones; and I will inscribe on the tablets the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke.

Berean Standard Bible:

Then the LORD said to Moses, “Chisel out two stone tablets like the originals, and I will write on them the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke.

American Standard Version:

And Jehovah said unto Moses, Hew thee two tables of stone like unto the first: and I will write upon the tables the words that were on the first tables, which thou brakest.

KJV with Strong’s Numbers:

And the LORD^{H3068} said^{H559} unto Moses^{H4872}, Hew^{H6458} thee two^{H8147} tables^{H3871} of stone^{H68} like unto the first^{H7223}: and I will write^{H3789} upon these tables^{H3871} the words^{H1697} that were in the first^{H7223} tables^{H3871}, which thou brakest^{H7665}.

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Commentary for Exodus 34:1

**Exodus 34:1** is set within the broader context of the Golden Calf incident, where the Israelites, in Moses' absence, created and worshiped an idol. This act of apostasy occurred while Moses was on Mount Sinai receiving the original set of stone tablets inscribed with the Ten Commandments by God. Upon witnessing the idolatry, Moses, in a fit of righteous anger, broke the tablets.

The themes of Exodus 34:1 include:

1. **Divine Mercy and Forgiveness**: Despite the Israelites' grave sin, God is willing to give them a second chance. He instructs Moses to create new tablets, signifying the restoration of the covenant.

2. **The Law's Permanence**: The rewriting of the commandments emphasizes the enduring nature of God's law. The law is not abolished due to human failure but remains a central component of the relationship between God and His people.

3. **Obedience and Restoration**: Moses is commanded to hew new stones, which requires effort and obedience on his part. This act of obedience is part of the process of restoration after the breach of covenant.

4. **Repetition of Revelation**: The fact that God will write the same words on the new tablets underscores the unchanging nature of His revelation.

The historical context of this verse is crucial to understanding its significance. The Israelites were a fledgling nation, having recently escaped slavery in Egypt. They were in the process of forming their identity as God's chosen people, which was intrinsically tied to the covenant and laws given at Sinai. The incident with the Golden Calf was a pivotal moment that tested the resilience of this emerging relationship between God and Israel. Exodus 34:1 marks the beginning of the restoration process, setting the stage for the renewal of the covenant and the continued journey of the Israelites toward the Promised Land.

*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model

Strong's Numbers and Definitions:

Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)

1. Strong's Number: H3068
   There are 5521 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: יְהֹוָה
   Transliteration: Yᵉhôvâh
   Pronunciation: yeh-ho-vaw'
   Description: from הָיָה; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God; Jehovah, the Lord. Compare יָהּ, יְהֹוִה.
   
2. Strong's Number: H559
   There are 4434 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: אָמַר
   Transliteration: ʼâmar
   Pronunciation: aw-mar'
   Description: a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude); answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet.
   
3. Strong's Number: H4872
   There are 704 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: מֹשֶׁה
   Transliteration: Môsheh
   Pronunciation: mo-sheh'
   Description: from מָשָׁה; drawing out (of the water), i.e. rescued; Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver; Moses.
   
4. Strong's Number: H6458
   There are 6 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: פָּסַל
   Transliteration: pâçal
   Pronunciation: paw-sal'
   Description: a primitive root; to carve, whether wood or stone; grave, hew.
   
5. Strong's Number: H8147
   There are 647 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: שְׁנַיִם
   Transliteration: shᵉnayim
   Pronunciation: shen-ah'-yim
   Description: dual of שֵׁנִי; feminine שְׁתַּיִם; two; also (as ordinal) twofold; both, couple, double, second, twain, [phrase] twelfth, [phrase] twelve, [phrase] twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two.
   
6. Strong's Number: H3871
   There are 33 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: לוּחַ
   Transliteration: lûwach
   Pronunciation: loo'-akh
   Description: or לֻחַ; from a primitive root; probably meaning to glisten; a tablet (as polished), of stone, wood or metal; board, plate, table.
   
7. Strong's Number: H68
   There are 1276 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: אֶבֶן
   Transliteration: ʼeben
   Pronunciation: eh'-ben
   Description: from the root of בָּנָה through the meaning to build; a stone; [phrase] carbuncle, [phrase] mason, [phrase] plummet, (chalk-, hail-, head-, sling-) stone(-ny), (divers) weight(-s).
   
8. Strong's Number: H7223
   There are 174 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: רִאשׁוֹן
   Transliteration: riʼshôwn
   Pronunciation: ree-shone'
   Description: or רִאשֹׁן; from רִאשָׁה; first, in place, time or rank (as adjective or noun); ancestor, (that were) before(-time), beginning, eldest, first, fore(-father) (-most), former (thing), of old time, past.
   
9. Strong's Number: H3789
   There are 212 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: כָּתַב
   Transliteration: kâthab
   Pronunciation: kaw-thab'
   Description: a primitive root; to grave, by implication, to write (describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe); describe, record, prescribe, subscribe, write(-ing, -ten).
   
10. Strong's Number: H1697
    There are 1290 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: דָּבָר
    Transliteration: dâbâr
    Pronunciation: daw-baw'
    Description: from דָבַר; a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause; act, advice, affair, answer, [idiom] any such (thing), because of, book, business, care, case, cause, certain rate, [phrase] chronicles, commandment, [idiom] commune(-ication), [phrase] concern(-ing), [phrase] confer, counsel, [phrase] dearth, decree, deed, [idiom] disease, due, duty, effect, [phrase] eloquent, errand, (evil favoured-) ness, [phrase] glory, [phrase] harm, hurt, [phrase] iniquity, [phrase] judgment, language, [phrase] lying, manner, matter, message, (no) thing, oracle, [idiom] ought, [idiom] parts, [phrase] pertaining, [phrase] please, portion, [phrase] power, promise, provision, purpose, question, rate, reason, report, request, [idiom] (as hast) said, sake, saying, sentence, [phrase] sign, [phrase] so, some (uncleanness), somewhat to say, [phrase] song, speech, [idiom] spoken, talk, task, [phrase] that, [idiom] there done, thing (concerning), thought, [phrase] thus, tidings, what(-soever), [phrase] wherewith, which, word, work.
    
11. Strong's Number: H7665
    There are 145 instances of this translation in the Bible
    Lemma: שָׁבַר
    Transliteration: shâbar
    Pronunciation: shaw-bar'
    Description: a primitive root; to burst (literally or figuratively); break (down, off, in pieces, up), broken (-hearted), bring to the birth, crush, destroy, hurt, quench, [idiom] quite, tear, view (by mistake for שָׂבַר).