King James Version:
(The Lord speaking is red text)
And the second row [shall be] an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond.
Complete Jewish Bible:
the second row a green feldspar, a sapphire and a diamond;
Berean Standard Bible:
in the second row a turquoise, a sapphire, and a diamond;
American Standard Version:
and the second row an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond;
KJV with Strong’s Numbers:
And the second{H8145} row{H2905} shall be an emerald{H5306}, a sapphire{H5601}, and a diamond{H3095}.
Cross-References (KJV):
Exodus 39:11
- And the second row, an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond.
Ezekiel 10:1
- ¶ Then I looked, and, behold, in the firmament that was above the head of the cherubims there appeared over them as it were a sapphire stone, as the appearance of the likeness of a throne.
Ezekiel 27:16
- Syria [was] thy merchant by reason of the multitude of the wares of thy making: they occupied in thy fairs with emeralds, purple, and broidered work, and fine linen, and coral, and agate.
Exodus 24:10
- And they saw the God of Israel: and [there was] under his feet as it were a paved work of a sapphire stone, and as it were the body of heaven in [his] clearness.
Revelation 4:3
- And he that sat was to look upon like a jasper and a sardine stone: and [there was] a rainbow round about the throne, in sight like unto an emerald.
Ezekiel 28:13
- Thou hast been in Eden the garden of God; every precious stone [was] thy covering, the sardius, topaz, and the diamond, the beryl, the onyx, and the jasper, the sapphire, the emerald, and the carbuncle, and gold: the workmanship of thy tabrets and of thy pipes was prepared in thee in the day that thou wast created.
Job 28:6
- The stones of it [are] the place of sapphires: and it hath dust of gold.
Explore This Verse Across Other Resources:
Commentary for Exodus 28:18
1. **Themes:**
- **Holiness and Divine Presence:** The verse is part of the detailed instructions given to Moses for creating the high priest's garments, emphasizing the sanctity of the priestly role and the importance of the attire in signifying the wearer's closeness to God.
- **Symbolism of Precious Stones:** The gemstones mentioned represent the beauty, glory, and value of the priestly office and may symbolize various aspects of God's nature or the twelve tribes of Israel.
- **Attention to Detail:** The specificity of the materials and colors reflects the meticulous nature of divine instructions, suggesting that every aspect of worship and religious service is significant and purposeful.
2. **Historical Context:**
- **Exodus from Egypt:** The instructions for the priestly garments come after the Israelites' escape from slavery in Egypt, as they are encamped at Mount Sinai, receiving the Law, including the instructions for worship and the tabernacle.
- **Establishment of the Priesthood:** The creation of these garments is part of the establishment of the Israelite priesthood, with Aaron (Moses' brother) designated as the first high priest.
- **Covenant Relationship:** The detailed prescriptions for worship, including the high priest's garments, are part of the covenant relationship between God and Israel, with the tabernacle serving as the focal point for divine-human interaction.
- **Cultural and Religious Practices:** The use of precious stones in religious attire was not unique to Israel and can be seen in the broader context of ancient Near Eastern religious practices, where such adornments were common in the garb of high-ranking religious figures.
Exodus 28:18 specifically describes the second row of stones on the breastplate of the high priest, which was a significant part of his attire, used in the process of making decisions for the community and symbolizing the tribes of Israel before God.
*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model
Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
- Strong's Number: H8145
There are 151 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שֵׁנִי
Transliteration: shênîy
Pronunciation: shay-nee'
Description: from שָׁנָה; properly, double, i.e. second; also adverbially, again; again, either (of them), (an-) other, second (time). - Strong's Number: H2905
There are 20 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: טוּר
Transliteration: ṭûwr
Pronunciation: toor
Description: from an unused root meaning to range in a regular manner; a row; hence, a wall; row. - Strong's Number: H5306
There are 4 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: נֹפֶךְ
Transliteration: nôphek
Pronunciation: no'-fek
Description: from an unused root meaning to glisten; shining; a gem, probably the garnet; emerald. - Strong's Number: H5601
There are 11 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: סַפִּיר
Transliteration: çappîyr
Pronunciation: sap-peer'
Description: from סָפַר; a gem (perhaps used for scratching other substances), probably the sapphire; sapphire. - Strong's Number: H3095
There are 3 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: יַהֲלֹם
Transliteration: yahălôm
Pronunciation: yah-hal-ome'
Description: from הָלַם (in the sense of hardness); a precious stone, probably onyx; diamond.