Exodus 22:14

King James Version:

(The Lord speaking is red text)

And if a man borrow [ought] of his neighbour, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof [being] not with it, he shall surely make [it] good.

Complete Jewish Bible:

"If someone borrows something from his neighbor, and it gets injured or dies with the owner not present, he must make restitution.

Berean Standard Bible:

If a man borrows an animal from his neighbor and it is injured or dies while its owner is not present, he must make full restitution.

American Standard Version:

And if a man borrow aught of his neighbor, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof not being with it, he shall surely make restitution.

KJV with Strong’s Numbers:

And if a man^{H376} borrow^{H7592} ought of his neighbour^{H7453}, and it be hurt^{H7665}, or die^{H4191}, the owner^{H1167} thereof being not with it^{H5973}, he shall surely^{H7999} make it good^{H7999}.

Cross-References (KJV):

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Commentary for Exodus 22:14

Exodus 22:14 is part of a larger section in the book of Exodus commonly referred to as the Covenant Code, which contains a series of laws given to the Israelites by God through Moses. This particular verse addresses the theme of property rights and the responsibilities that come with borrowing in a community setting. In the historical context, the Israelites were transitioning from a nomadic to a more settled agrarian society, which required clear guidelines for the care and treatment of borrowed property, particularly animals, which were a significant part of the economy and daily life.

The verse specifically deals with a scenario where an individual borrows an animal from a neighbor and the animal is either injured or dies while the owner is not present. The law stipulates that the borrower is responsible for making restitution for the loss, as the owner is not liable for the damage or death since he was not present to ensure the animal's safety. This principle of restitution underscores the value of personal property and the importance of trustworthiness and accountability in community relationships. It also reflects the broader biblical theme of justice, where individuals are held accountable for their actions and must rectify any wrongs they cause to others. The law would have served to maintain social order and prevent potential disputes by providing a clear legal framework for resolving such incidents.

*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model

Strong's Numbers and Definitions:

Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)

1. Strong's Number: H376
   There are 1507 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: אִישׁ
   Transliteration: ʼîysh
   Pronunciation: eesh
   Description: contracted for אֱנוֹשׁ (or perhaps rather from an unused root meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation); also, another, any (man), a certain, [phrase] champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-) man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), [phrase] none, one, people, person, [phrase] steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare אִשָּׁה.
   
2. Strong's Number: H7592
   There are 157 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: שָׁאַל
   Transliteration: shâʼal
   Pronunciation: shaw-al'
   Description: or שָׁאֵל; a primitive root; to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand; ask (counsel, on), beg, borrow, lay to charge, consult, demand, desire, [idiom] earnestly, enquire, [phrase] greet, obtain leave, lend, pray, request, require, [phrase] salute, [idiom] straitly, [idiom] surely, wish.
   
3. Strong's Number: H7453
   There are 173 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: רֵעַ
   Transliteration: rêaʻ
   Pronunciation: ray'-ah
   Description: or רֵיעַ; from רָעָה; an associate (more or less close); brother, companion, fellow, friend, husband, lover, neighbour, [idiom] (an-) other.
   
4. Strong's Number: H7665
   There are 145 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: שָׁבַר
   Transliteration: shâbar
   Pronunciation: shaw-bar'
   Description: a primitive root; to burst (literally or figuratively); break (down, off, in pieces, up), broken (-hearted), bring to the birth, crush, destroy, hurt, quench, [idiom] quite, tear, view (by mistake for שָׂבַר).
   
5. Strong's Number: H4191
   There are 694 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: מוּת
   Transliteration: mûwth
   Pronunciation: mooth
   Description: a primitive root; to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill; [idiom] at all, [idiom] crying, (be) dead (body, man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to, be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), [idiom] must needs, slay, [idiom] surely, [idiom] very suddenly, [idiom] in (no) wise.
   
6. Strong's Number: H1167
   There are 78 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: בַּעַל
   Transliteration: baʻal
   Pronunciation: bah'-al
   Description: from בָּעַל; a master; hence, a husband, or (figuratively) owner (often used with another noun in modifications of this latter sense); [phrase] archer, [phrase] babbler, [phrase] bird, captain, chief man, [phrase] confederate, [phrase] have to do, [phrase] dreamer, those to whom it is due, [phrase] furious, those that are given to it, great, [phrase] hairy, he that hath it, have, [phrase] horseman, husband, lord, man, [phrase] married, master, person, [phrase] sworn, they of.
   
7. Strong's Number: H5973
   There are 26 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: עִם
   Transliteration: ʻim
   Pronunciation: eem
   Description: from עָמַם; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English); accompanying, against, and, as ([idiom] long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from (among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-) to, with(-al).
   
8. Strong's Number: H7999
   There are 107 instances of this translation in the Bible
   Lemma: שָׁלַם
   Transliteration: shâlam
   Pronunciation: shaw-lam'
   Description: a primitive root; to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed; by implication, to be friendly; by extension, to reciprocate (in various applications); make amends, (make an) end, finish, full, give again, make good, (re-) pay (again), (make) (to) (be at) peace(-able), that is perfect, perform, (make) prosper(-ous), recompense, render, requite, make restitution, restore, reward, [idiom] surely.