¶ And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that [was] in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.
For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I [am] the LORD.
I have sent among you the pestilence after the manner of Egypt: your young men have I slain with the sword, and have taken away your horses; and I have made the stink of your camps to come up unto your nostrils: yet have ye not returned unto me, saith the LORD.
For the LORD will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the LORD will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite [you].
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Commentary for Exodus 11:4
**Exodus 11:4 Summary:**
**Themes:**
- Divine Authority: Moses speaks on behalf of God, emphasizing the sovereignty and power of the Lord over Egypt.
- Judgment: The verse foretells the final and most severe plague, the death of the firstborn, which is a direct judgment on the Egyptian gods and Pharaoh's resistance to God's will.
- Mercy and Deliverance: This plague is also a prelude to the deliverance of the Israelites, highlighting God's mercy towards His people and His intention to fulfill His promises.
- The Role of Moses: Moses serves as the mediator between God and Pharaoh, and between God and the Israelites, a role that underscores the importance of obedience and faith.
**Historical Context:**
- The Israelites were enslaved in Egypt, and God had sent Moses to demand their release from Pharaoh.
- After a series of nine plagues that increasingly pressured Pharaoh to let the Israelites go, Pharaoh remained obstinate, leading to the tenth and final plague.
- This verse is part of Moses' final warning to Pharaoh before the climactic plague, which would ultimately lead to the Exodus and the establishment of the Passover festival.
- The timing of "about midnight" is significant, as it was unexpected and ensured that the Egyptians would be caught off guard, emphasizing the precise and irresistible nature of God's judgment.
In essence, Exodus 11:4 is a pivotal verse that sets the stage for the culmination of the plagues narrative, demonstrating God's power over the Egyptians and His commitment to His covenant people, the Israelites.
*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model
Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
Strong's Number: H4872 There are 704 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: מֹשֶׁה Transliteration: Môsheh Pronunciation: mo-sheh' Description: from מָשָׁה; drawing out (of the water), i.e. rescued; Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver; Moses.
Strong's Number: H559 There are 4434 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: אָמַר Transliteration: ʼâmar Pronunciation: aw-mar' Description: a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude); answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet.
Strong's Number: H3068 There are 5521 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: יְהֹוָה Transliteration: Yᵉhôvâh Pronunciation: yeh-ho-vaw' Description: from הָיָה; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God; Jehovah, the Lord. Compare יָהּ, יְהֹוִה.
Strong's Number: H3915 There are 223 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: לַיִל Transliteration: layil Pronunciation: lah'-yil Description: or (Isaiah 21:11) לֵיל; also לַיְלָה; from the same as לוּל; properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e. night; figuratively, adversity; (mid-)night (season).
Strong's Number: H2676 There are 3 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: חָצוֹת Transliteration: châtsôwth Pronunciation: khaw-tsoth' Description: lemma חָעוֹת ayin, corrected to חָצוֹת; from חָצָהlemma חָעָה ayin, corrected to חָצָה; the middle (of the night); mid(-night).
Strong's Number: H3318 There are 992 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: יָצָא Transliteration: yâtsâʼ Pronunciation: yaw-tsaw' Description: a primitive root; to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.; [idiom] after, appear, [idiom] assuredly, bear out, [idiom] begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come (abroad, out, thereat, without), [phrase] be condemned, depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact, fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence, out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out), going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out, lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, [idiom] scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring out, stand out, [idiom] still, [idiom] surely, take forth (out), at any time, [idiom] to (and fro), utter.
Strong's Number: H8432 There are 390 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: תָּוֶךְ Transliteration: tâvek Pronunciation: taw'-vek Description: from an unused root meaning to sever; a bisection, i.e. (by implication) the centre; among(-st), [idiom] between, half, [idiom] (there-, where-), in(-to), middle, mid(-night), midst (among), [idiom] out (of), [idiom] through, [idiom] with(-in).
Strong's Number: H4714 There are 602 instances of this translation in the Bible Lemma: מִצְרַיִם Transliteration: Mitsrayim Pronunciation: mits-rah'-yim Description: dual of מָצוֹר; Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt; Egypt, Egyptians, Mizraim.