King James Version:
(The Lord speaking is red text)
And Moses and Aaron came in unto Pharaoh, and said unto him, Thus saith the LORD God of the Hebrews, How long wilt thou refuse to humble thyself before me? let my people go, that they may serve me.
Complete Jewish Bible:
Moshe and Aharon went in to Pharaoh and said to him, "Here is what ADONAI, God of the Hebrews, says: 'How much longer will you refuse to submit to me? Let my people go, so that they can worship me.
Berean Standard Bible:
So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and told him, “This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: ‘How long will you refuse to humble yourself before Me? Let My people go, so that they may worship Me.
American Standard Version:
And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and said unto him, Thus saith Jehovah, the God of the Hebrews, How long wilt thou refuse to humble thyself before me? let my people go, that they may serve me.
KJV with Strong’s Numbers:
And Moses{H4872} and Aaron{H175} came in{H935} unto Pharaoh{H6547}, and said{H559} unto him, Thus saith{H559} the LORD{H3068} God{H430} of the Hebrews{H5680}, How long{H4970} wilt thou refuse{H3985} to humble{H6031} thyself before{H6440} me? let my people{H5971} go{H7971}, that they may serve{H5647} me.
Cross-References (KJV):
1 Peter 5:6
- Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of God, that he may exalt you in due time:
James 4:10
- Humble yourselves in the sight of the Lord, and he shall lift you up.
1 Kings 21:29
- Seest thou how Ahab humbleth himself before me? because he humbleth himself before me, I will not bring the evil in his days: [but] in his son's days will I bring the evil upon his house.
Jeremiah 13:18
- Say unto the king and to the queen, Humble yourselves, sit down: for your principalities shall come down, [even] the crown of your glory.
Hebrews 12:25
- See that ye refuse not him that speaketh. For if they escaped not who refused him that spake on earth, much more [shall not] we [escape], if we turn away from him that [speaketh] from heaven:
Romans 2:4
- Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness and forbearance and longsuffering; not knowing that the goodness of God leadeth thee to repentance?
2 Chronicles 33:12
- And when he was in affliction, he besought the LORD his God, and humbled himself greatly before the God of his fathers,
Explore This Verse Across Other Resources:
Commentary for Exodus 10:3
1. **Themes:**
- **Divine Authority and Sovereignty:** The verse emphasizes that the God of the Hebrews is the ultimate authority to whom Pharaoh must submit, highlighting the theme of God's sovereignty over all human rulers.
- **Humility and Pride:** It calls for Pharaoh's humility, contrasting the attitudes of pride and obstinacy with the necessity of acknowledging God's power and will.
- **Freedom and Servitude:** The repeated demand to "let my people go" underscores the theme of liberation from oppressive servitude so that the Israelites can serve God instead of human masters.
- **Obedience and Disobedience:** The verse reflects the broader biblical theme of obedience to God's commands, with Pharaoh's refusal illustrating the consequences of disobedience.
2. **Historical Context:**
- **Israelite Enslavement:** At the time of Exodus 10:3, the Israelites had been enslaved in Egypt for centuries. The book of Exodus recounts their deliverance from bondage under the leadership of Moses and Aaron.
- **The Plagues:** The verse is set within the context of the ten plagues that God brought upon Egypt as a consequence of Pharaoh's repeated refusals to free the Israelites. By this point, Egypt has already suffered several plagues, and Moses and Aaron are delivering God's message during the buildup to the seventh plague.
- **Negotiation with Pharaoh:** The interaction between Moses, Aaron, and Pharaoh is part of a series of negotiations where Pharaoh's heart is hardened, and he resists releasing the Israelites despite the mounting evidence of God's power.
- **Egyptian Religion and Power:** Pharaoh, considered a god in Egyptian religion, is being challenged by the God of the Hebrews, which would have been a radical religious and political confrontation at the time.
In summary, Exodus 10:3 is a pivotal verse in the narrative of the Israelites' deliverance from Egypt, highlighting themes of divine authority, the need for humility, the desire for freedom to serve God, and the consequences of disobedience, all set against the backdrop of a confrontation between the religious and political powers of the time.
*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model
Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
- Strong's Number: H4872
There are 704 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: מֹשֶׁה
Transliteration: Môsheh
Pronunciation: mo-sheh'
Description: from מָשָׁה; drawing out (of the water), i.e. rescued; Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver; Moses. - Strong's Number: H175
There are 480 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אַהֲרוֹן
Transliteration: ʼAhărôwn
Pronunciation: a-har-one'
Description: of uncertain derivation; Aharon, the brother of Moses; Aaron. - Strong's Number: H935
There are 2307 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: בּוֹא
Transliteration: bôwʼ
Pronunciation: bo
Description: a primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of applications); abide, apply, attain, [idiom] be, befall, [phrase] besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, [idiom] certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out, upon, to pass), depart, [idiom] doubtless again, [phrase] eat, [phrase] employ, (cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be fallen, fetch, [phrase] follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war), grant, [phrase] have, [idiom] indeed, (in-) vade, lead, lift (up), mention, pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, [idiom] (well) stricken (in age), [idiom] surely, take (in), way. - Strong's Number: H6547
There are 230 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: פַּרְעֹה
Transliteration: Parʻôh
Pronunciation: par-o'
Description: of Egyptian derivation; Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings; Pharaoh. - Strong's Number: H559
There are 4434 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אָמַר
Transliteration: ʼâmar
Pronunciation: aw-mar'
Description: a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude); answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet. - Strong's Number: H3068
There are 5521 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: יְהֹוָה
Transliteration: Yᵉhôvâh
Pronunciation: yeh-ho-vaw'
Description: from הָיָה; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God; Jehovah, the Lord. Compare יָהּ, יְהֹוִה. - Strong's Number: H430
There are 2334 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אֱלֹהִים
Transliteration: ʼĕlôhîym
Pronunciation: el-o-heem'
Description: plural of אֱלוֹהַּ; gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative; angels, [idiom] exceeding, God (gods) (-dess, -ly), [idiom] (very) great, judges, [idiom] mighty. - Strong's Number: H5680
There are 32 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: עִבְרִי
Transliteration: ʻIbrîy
Pronunciation: ib-ree'
Description: patronymic from עֵבֵר; an Eberite (i.e. Hebrew) or descendant of Eber; Hebrew(-ess, woman). - Strong's Number: H4970
There are 3 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: מָתַי
Transliteration: mâthay
Pronunciation: maw-thah'ee
Description: from an unused root meaning to extend; properly, extent (of time); but used only adverbially (especially with other particle prefixes), when (either relative or interrogative); long, when. - Strong's Number: H3985
There are 39 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: מָאֵן
Transliteration: mâʼên
Pronunciation: maw-ane'
Description: a primitive root; to refuse; refuse, [idiom] utterly. - Strong's Number: H6031
There are 80 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: עָנָה
Transliteration: ʻânâh
Pronunciation: aw-naw'
Description: a primitive root (possibly rather identical with עָנָה through the idea of looking down or browbeating); to depress literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive (in various applications, as follows); abase self, afflict(-ion, self), answer (by mistake for עָנָה), chasten self, deal hardly with, defile, exercise, force, gentleness, humble (self), hurt, ravish, sing (by mistake for עָנָה), speak (by mistake for עָנָה), submit self, weaken, [idiom] in any wise. - Strong's Number: H6440
There are 1890 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: פָּנִים
Transliteration: pânîym
Pronunciation: paw-neem'
Description: plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun פָּנֶה; from פָּנָה); the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.); [phrase] accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, [idiom] as (long as), at, [phrase] battle, [phrase] because (of), [phrase] beseech, countenance, edge, [phrase] employ, endure, [phrase] enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, [idiom] him(-self), [phrase] honourable, [phrase] impudent, [phrase] in, it, look(-eth) (-s), [idiom] me, [phrase] meet, [idiom] more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), [idiom] on, open, [phrase] out of, over against, the partial, person, [phrase] please, presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, [phrase] regard, right forth, [phrase] serve, [idiom] shewbread, sight, state, straight, [phrase] street, [idiom] thee, [idiom] them(-selves), through ([phrase] -out), till, time(-s) past, (un-) to(-ward), [phrase] upon, upside ([phrase] down), with(-in, [phrase] -stand), [idiom] ye, [idiom] you. - Strong's Number: H5971
There are 1654 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: עַם
Transliteration: ʻam
Pronunciation: am
Description: from עָמַם; a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock; folk, men, nation, people. - Strong's Number: H7971
There are 790 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שָׁלַח
Transliteration: shâlach
Pronunciation: shaw-lakh'
Description: a primitive root; to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications); [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idiom] earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send (away, forth, out), set, shoot (forth, out), sow, spread, stretch forth (out). - Strong's Number: H5647
There are 263 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: עָבַד
Transliteration: ʻâbad
Pronunciation: aw-bad'
Description: a primitive root; to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc.; [idiom] be, keep in bondage, be bondmen, bond-service, compel, do, dress, ear, execute, [phrase] husbandman, keep, labour(-ing man, bring to pass, (cause to, make to) serve(-ing, self), (be, become) servant(-s), do (use) service, till(-er), transgress (from margin), (set a) work, be wrought, worshipper,