King James Version:
(The Lord speaking is red text)
¶ In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah began Hoshea the son of Elah to reign in Samaria over Israel nine years.
Complete Jewish Bible:
It was in the twelfth year of Achaz king of Y'hudah that Hoshea the son of Elah began his reign over Isra'el in Shomron; he ruled for nine years.
Berean Standard Bible:
In the twelfth year of the reign of Ahaz over Judah, Hoshea son of Elah became king of Israel, and he reigned in Samaria nine years.
American Standard Version:
In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah began Hoshea the son of Elah to reign in Samaria over Israel, and reigned nine years.
KJV with Strong’s Numbers:
In the twelfth{H8147}{H6240} year{H8141} of Ahaz{H271} king{H4428} of Judah{H3063} began Hoshea{H1954} the son{H1121} of Elah{H425} to reign{H4427} in Samaria{H8111} over Israel{H3478} nine{H8672} years{H8141}.
Cross-References (KJV):
2 Kings 15:30
- And Hoshea the son of Elah made a conspiracy against Pekah the son of Remaliah, and smote him, and slew him, and reigned in his stead, in the twentieth year of Jotham the son of Uzziah.
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Commentary for 2 Kings 17:1
2 Kings 17:1 sets the stage for a significant historical transition in the ancient kingdoms of Israel and Judah. The verse specifically mentions the beginning of the reign of Hoshea, the son of Elah, as king of Israel in the city of Samaria. This event occurs in the twelfth year of the reign of Ahaz, who was king of Judah, the southern kingdom. Hoshea's ascension to the throne marks the final ruler of the northern kingdom of Israel before its fall to the Assyrian Empire, which would happen during his reign.
The historical context of this verse is crucial to understanding the themes of the broader narrative. The kingdom of Israel, also known as the northern kingdom, had been experiencing a period of decline, marked by political instability, idolatry, and a succession of kings who were often assassinated or overthrown. The mention of Ahaz in Judah also points to a time of significant challenges for the southern kingdom, as Ahaz was known for his unfaithfulness to God and the introduction of foreign religious practices.
The themes present in this verse include the sovereignty of God over the rise and fall of nations and their leaders, the consequences of disobedience and apostasy, and the fulfillment of prophetic warnings that had been given to the northern kingdom regarding its eventual downfall. Hoshea's reign would be the last before the Assyrian conquest, which would lead to the dispersal of the northern tribes of Israel and the end of its independent existence as a nation. This event would have profound historical and theological implications for the people of Israel and Judah, as it would be seen as a divine judgment for their failure to adhere to the covenant with God.
*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model
Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
- Strong's Number: H8147
There are 647 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שְׁנַיִם
Transliteration: shᵉnayim
Pronunciation: shen-ah'-yim
Description: dual of שֵׁנִי; feminine שְׁתַּיִם; two; also (as ordinal) twofold; both, couple, double, second, twain, [phrase] twelfth, [phrase] twelve, [phrase] twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two. - Strong's Number: H6240
There are 292 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: עָשָׂר
Transliteration: ʻâsâr
Pronunciation: aw-sawr'
Description: for עֶשֶׂר; ten (only in combination), i.e. -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth; (eigh-, fif-, four-, nine-, seven-, six-, thir-) teen(-th), [phrase] eleven(-th), [phrase] sixscore thousand, [phrase] twelve(-th). - Strong's Number: H8141
There are 647 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שָׁנֶה
Transliteration: shâneh
Pronunciation: shaw-neh'
Description: (in plural or (feminine) שָׁנָה; from שָׁנָה; a year (as a revolution of time); [phrase] whole age, [idiom] long, [phrase] old, year([idiom] -ly). - Strong's Number: H271
There are 521 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אָחָז
Transliteration: ʼÂchâz
Pronunciation: aw-khawz'
Description: from אָחַז; possessor; Achaz, the name of a Jewish king and of an Israelite; Ahaz. - Strong's Number: H4428
There are 1922 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: מֶלֶךְ
Transliteration: melek
Pronunciation: meh'-lek
Description: from מָלַךְ; a king; king, royal. - Strong's Number: H3063
There are 754 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: יְהוּדָה
Transliteration: Yᵉhûwdâh
Pronunciation: yeh-hoo-daw'
Description: from יָדָה; celebrated; Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory; Judah. - Strong's Number: H1954
There are 15 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: הוֹשֵׁעַ
Transliteration: Hôwshêaʻ
Pronunciation: ho-shay'-ah
Description: from יָשַׁע; deliverer; Hoshea, the name of five Israelites; Hosea, Hoshea, Oshea. - Strong's Number: H1121
There are 3654 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: בֵּן
Transliteration: bên
Pronunciation: bane
Description: from בָּנָה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. - Strong's Number: H425
There are 66 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: אֵלָה
Transliteration: ʼÊlâh
Pronunciation: ay-law'
Description: the same as אֵלָהlemma אִלָה first vowel, corrected to אֵלָה; Elah, the name of an Edomite, of four Israelites, and also of a place in Palestine; Elah. - Strong's Number: H4427
There are 284 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: מָלַךְ
Transliteration: mâlak
Pronunciation: maw-lak'
Description: a primitive root; to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence (by implication) to take counsel; consult, [idiom] indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, [idiom] surely. - Strong's Number: H8111
There are 101 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שֹׁמְרוֹן
Transliteration: Shômᵉrôwn
Pronunciation: sho-mer-one'
Description: from the active participle of שָׁמַר; watch-station; Shomeron, a place in Palestine; Samaria. - Strong's Number: H3478
There are 2229 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: יִשְׂרָאֵל
Transliteration: Yisrâʼêl
Pronunciation: yis-raw-ale'
Description: from שָׂרָה and אֵל; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity; Israel. - Strong's Number: H8672
There are 57 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: תֵּשַׁע
Transliteration: têshaʻ
Pronunciation: tay'-shah
Description: or (masculine) תִּשְׁעָה; perhaps from שָׁעָה through the idea of a turn to the next or full number ten; nine or (ordinal) ninth; nine ([phrase] -teen, [phrase] -teenth, -th).