4:19 4:19

1 John 4:20

4:21 4:21

Bible Versions

If a man say, I love God, and hateth his brother, he is a liar: for he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen, how can he love God whom he hath not seen?
If {G1437} a man {G5100} say {G2036},{G3754} I love {G25} God {G2316}, and {G2532} hateth {G3404} his {G846} brother {G80}, he is {G2076} a liar {G5583}: for {G1063} he that loveth {G25} not {G3361} his {G846} brother {G80} whom {G3739} he hath seen {G3708}, how {G4459} can {G1410} he love {G25} God {G2316} whom {G3739} he hath {G3708} not {G3756} seen {G3708}?
If anyone says, “I love God,” and hates his brother, he is a liar. For if a person does not love his brother, whom he has seen, then he cannot love God, whom he has not seen.
If anyone says, “I love God,” but hates his brother, he is a liar. For anyone who does not love his brother, whom he has seen, cannot love God, whom he has not seen.
If a man say, I love God, and hateth his brother, he is a liar: for he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen, cannot love God whom he hath not seen.

1 John 4:20 is a powerful verse that directly challenges the sincerity of one's claim to love God by examining their relationships with fellow human beings. It exposes the hypocrisy of professing spiritual devotion while harboring animosity or indifference towards a brother or sister.

Context

This verse is situated within a broader passage in 1 John Chapter 4, which intensely focuses on the nature of God's love and its implications for believers. John emphasizes that God is love (1 John 4:8) and that His love was demonstrated by sending His Son (1 John 4:9-10). As recipients of this divine love, believers are commanded to love one another (1 John 4:7, 1 John 4:11). Verse 20 serves as a stark warning and a test of authenticity for those who claim to live in this love.

Key Themes

  • The Authenticity of Love: The verse asserts that true love for God is not merely a verbal profession but is evidenced by concrete actions and attitudes towards others. If love for one's brother is absent, the claim of loving God is rendered false.
  • Hypocrisy Exposed: John calls a person who claims to love God but hates their brother a "liar." This strong language underscores the utter contradiction inherent in such a stance. It highlights that genuine faith produces tangible fruit in relationships.
  • Visible vs. Invisible: The logical argument presented is compelling: if one cannot love what is seen and tangible (a fellow human being), how can they genuinely love the unseen God? Love is inherently relational and must find its expression in the observable world. This concept echoes the two greatest commandments: love God and love your neighbor.
  • Interconnectedness of Love: This verse powerfully demonstrates that vertical love (for God) and horizontal love (for neighbor) are inseparable. One cannot exist authentically without the other. Our relationship with God is intrinsically linked to our relationships with others.

Linguistic Insights

The Greek word for "love" used throughout this chapter, including in this verse, is agape (ἀγάπη). This is not merely affection or emotional fondness, but a self-sacrificial, benevolent love that wills the good of another, often involving action. The term "hateth" comes from the Greek miseo (μισέω), which implies not just dislike, but an active detestation or hostility. John's choice of "liar" (pseustes, ψεύστης) is a severe condemnation, indicating a fundamental dishonesty about one's spiritual state.

Practical Application

1 John 4:20 serves as a profound challenge for self-examination for every believer. It compels us to:

  • Examine Our Hearts: Do our actions and attitudes towards others align with our profession of faith? Are there individuals we claim to love God while simultaneously holding grudges, harboring bitterness, or acting with indifference towards?
  • Prioritize Reconciliation: If "hatred" (active hostility or profound indifference) exists, this verse calls for repentance and a pursuit of reconciliation, reflecting the love of God.
  • Live Out Love Actively: True love for God is not passive; it is demonstrated through compassion, forgiveness, and selfless service to those around us, especially within the Christian community. As Jesus said, "By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another."

Reflection

This verse is a cornerstone of Christian ethics, insisting that genuine piety is always accompanied by practical love for fellow human beings. It reminds us that our spiritual health is reflected in the quality of our relationships. To truly love God means to embody His love in our interactions with those we can see, thereby proving the sincerity of our devotion to the One we cannot see.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

  • 1 John 3:17

    But whoso hath this world's good, and seeth his brother have need, and shutteth up his bowels [of compassion] from him, how dwelleth the love of God in him?

  • 1 John 2:9

    He that saith he is in the light, and hateth his brother, is in darkness even until now.

  • 1 John 4:12

    No man hath seen God at any time. If we love one another, God dwelleth in us, and his love is perfected in us.

  • 1 John 2:4

    He that saith, I know him, and keepeth not his commandments, is a liar, and the truth is not in him.

  • 1 John 2:11

    But he that hateth his brother is in darkness, and walketh in darkness, and knoweth not whither he goeth, because that darkness hath blinded his eyes.

  • 1 Peter 1:8

    Whom having not seen, ye love; in whom, though now ye see [him] not, yet believing, ye rejoice with joy unspeakable and full of glory:

  • 1 John 1:6

    If we say that we have fellowship with him, and walk in darkness, we lie, and do not the truth:
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