TRV
Translation
King James Version
And the sons of Ulam were mighty men of valour, archers, and had many sons, and sons' sons, an hundred and fifty. All these are of the sons of Benjamin.
Complete Jewish Bible
The sons of Ulam were strong, brave men, archers; they had many children and grandchildren, a hundred and fifty. All these were descendants of Binyamin.
Berean Standard Bible
Ulam was his firstborn, Jeush second, and Eliphelet third. The sons of Ulam were mighty men of valor, archers, and they had many sons and grandsons—150 in all. All these were the descendants of Benjamin.
American Standard Version
And the sons of Ulam were mighty men of valor, archers, and had many sons, and sons’ sons, a hundred and fifty. All these were of the sons of Benjamin.
World English Bible Messianic
The sons of Ulam were mighty men of valor, archers, and had many sons, and sons’ sons, one hundred fifty. All these were of the sons of Benjamin.
Geneva Bible (1599)
And the sonnes of Vlam were valiant men of warre which shot with the bow, and had many sonnes and nephewes, an hundreth and fiftie: all these were of the sonnes of Beniamin.
Young's Literal Translation
And the sons of Ulam are men mighty in valour, treading bow, and multiplying sons and son's sons, a hundred and fifty. All these are of the sons of Benjamin.
In the KJVVerse 10,616 of 31,102
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Commentary on 1 Chronicles 8 verses 33–40
33 ¶ And Ner begat Kish, and Kish begat Saul, and Saul begat Jonathan, and Malchishua, and Abinadab, and Eshbaal.
34 And the son of Jonathan was Meribbaal; and Meribbaal begat Micah.
35 And the sons of Micah were, Pithon, and Melech, and Tarea, and Ahaz.
36 And Ahaz begat Jehoadah; and Jehoadah begat Alemeth, and Azmaveth, and Zimri; and Zimri begat Moza,
37 And Moza begat Binea: Rapha was his son, Eleasah his son, Azel his son:
38 And Azel had six sons, whose names are these, Azrikam, Bocheru, and Ishmael, and Sheariah, and Obadiah, and Hanan. All these were the sons of Azel.
39 And the sons of Eshek his brother were, Ulam his firstborn, Jehush the second, and Eliphelet the third.
40 And the sons of Ulam were mighty men of valour, archers, and had many sons, and sons' sons, an hundred and fifty. All these are of the sons of Benjamin.
It is observable that among all the genealogies of the tribes there is no mention of any of the kings of Israel after the defection from the house of David, much less of their families; not a word of Jeroboam's house or Baasha's, of Umri's or Jehu's; for they were all idolaters. But of the family of Saul, which was the royal family before the elevation of David, we have here a particular account. 1. Before Saul, Kish and Ner only are named, his father and grandfather, Ch1 8:33. His pedigree is carried higher Sa1 9:1, only there Kish is said to be the son of Abiel, here of Ner. He was in truth the son of Ner but the grandson of Abiel, as appears by Sa1 14:51, where it is said that Ner was the son of Abiel, and that Abner, who was the son of Ner, was Saul's uncle (that is, his father's brother); therefore his father was also the son of Ner. It is common in all languages to put sons for grandsons and other descendents, much more in the scanty language of the Hebrews. 2. After Saul, divers of his sons are named, but the posterity of none of them, save Jonathan only, who was blessed with numerous issue and those honoured with a place in the sacred genealogies for the sake of his sincere kindness to David. The line of Jonathan is drawn down here for about ten generations. Perhaps David was, in a particular manner, careful to preserve that, and assigned it a page by itself, because of the covenant made between his seed and Jonathan's seed forever, Sa1 20:15, Sa1 20:23, Sa1 20:42. This genealogy ends in Ulam, whose family became famous in the tribe of Benjamin for the number of its valiant men. Of that one man's posterity there were, as it should seem, at one time, 150 archers brought into the field of battle, that were mighty men of valour, Ch1 8:40. That is taken notice of concerning them which is more a man's praise than his pomp or wealth is, that they were qualified to serve their country.
Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verses 33–40. Public domain.
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Theodoret of CyrusAD 458
QUESTIONS ON FIRST CHRONICLES, PROLOGUE
The Chronicles also speak about the tabernacle because a temple of the Lord had not yet been built by either Samuel or David. The text also adds that that the holy services were held in the tabernacle. Worship was observed at that time according to the number of the days of the week. For it also says, “and their kindred who were in their villages were obliged to come in every seven days, in turn, to be with them.” With regard to the holy utensils it says, “Some of them had charge of the utensils of service, for they were required to count them when they were brought in and taken out. Others of them were appointed over the furniture, and over all the holy utensils, also over the choice flour, the wine, the oil, the incense and the spices.” And about the priests it says, “Others, of the sons of the priests, prepared the mixing of the spices.” With regard to the tomb of Saul the Chronicles gives us much information, and in the Book of Kings itself we read that his bones were gathered and buried in the land of Jabesh.
Theodoret of CyrusAD 458
QUESTIONS ON 1 CHRONICLES, PROLOGUE
There is abundant information in the books of Chronicles which were written to continue the books of the Kings and to preserve the memory of such important events. The first book begins with a genealogy that sets out to demonstrate how the human race came from a single man. Since it focuses only on the single kingdom of Judah, it can tell us about its cities and the villages, and from where they took their names. Here we come to know Nathan, from whom the blessed Luke constructed the beginning of his genealogy of our Lord and Savior, Son of David and Solomon’s brother4 on his mother’s side: “The following children were born to him in Jerusalem: Shimeah, Shobab, Nathan and Solomon, that is, the four children he fathered with Bersabea, daughter of Ammiel.” And Rechab6 herself, who is mentioned in many books of Scripture, is said to have come from the tribe of Judah.It also clearly explains why Reuben lost his birthright and Joseph gained it and also, finally, the reason why the tribe of Judah obtained the highest honor: “The sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel. He was the firstborn, but because he defiled his father’s bed his birthright was given to the sons of Joseph son of Israel, so that he is not enrolled in the genealogy according to the birthright; though Judah became prominent among his brothers and a ruler came from him, yet the birthright belonged to Joseph.” It also explains the reason why such a great honor was conceded to Joseph. By the will of God Judah had the dignity of receiving the Lord who was born from him according to the flesh. This is the sense tacitly expressed with the words “a leader from him.” Indeed the passage seems to assert that not only the kings of the earth derived from Judah, but also the eternal king himself who had no beginning and will never end.
It also describes the situation of the tribes beyond the Jordan, those of Reuben and Gad, and even the tribes of Manasseh which later were received into those of the Hagarites and the Itureans, and talks about the tribes of the Naphiseans, and all those peoples who entered into conflict with them. In addition the text relates how they fought and won, and made the Hagarites flee. And it also reports the reason for the victory: “When they received help against them, the Hagarites and all who were with them were given into their hands, for they cried to God in the battle, and he granted their entreaty because they trusted in him.” It also describes the amount of the spoils of war: “They captured their livestock: 50, of their camels, 250, sheep, 2, donkeys and 100, captives. Many were slain because the war was from God. And they lived in their territory until the exile.”
Theodoret of CyrusAD 458
QUESTIONS ON 1 CHRONICLES, PROLOGUE
The genealogy of the priests and the Levites comes after this. It relates that Zadok, who was high priest at the time of David, had been the eleventh from Aaron; that Azariah, nephew of Zadok, had been the first to receive the priestly anointing in the temple built by Solomon. Among them there was also Jehozadak, who was brought to Babylon as a war prisoner. Jesus9 was his son, a high priest as well, who delivered the people from bondage together with Zerubbabel, and built a temple for the Lord. Here we also learn that Korah, who revolted against the great Moses, was a nephew of Isaar, son of Caath and brother of Amram, Aaron’s and Moses’ father. According to this lineage he was related to the first legislator. But he himself paid in the desert for his errors, although his children did not share the punishment of their father. From here Samuel13 came and then Aeman, who intoned Psalms and was a nephew of the prophet Samuel. In fact he was the son of Joel, son of Samuel. On the other hand, Asaph, one of the singers, came from the lineage of Gerson, son of Levi and brother of Caath. Aetham, who also belonged to the group of the singers, had Merari, the third son of Levi, as great-grandfather.The text also explains the difference between the priests and the Levites. It relates that the Levites were initiated into all the ministries of the holy altar of God: “But Aaron and his sons made offerings on the altar of burnt offering and on the altar of incense, doing all the work of the most holy place, to make atonement for Israel, according to all that Moses the servant of God had commanded.” It seems to me, in fact, that this book was written after the return from Babylon. For this reason it also talks about the bondage and explains its cause: “So all Israel was enrolled by genealogies; and these are written in the book of the Kings of Israel. And Judah was taken into exile in Babylon because of their unfaithfulness. Now the first to live again in their possessions in their towns were Israelites, priests, Levites, and temple servants.” These accounts show that the book was begun after the captivity. Indeed no historian ever relates facts that happened afterwards, but what happened before or during his times. And actually only the prophets have the power to foretell the future. In addition it says that also those who had inhabited that land before them had been enslaved. And actually many of them still live with them: the Canaanites, Chettites, Jebusites, who had been their companions in such a misfortune. Also the priests and the Levites were brought into captivity with the Israelites. I believe that those who were called “the saints’ servants” were then called Nathinim. Many of them, in fact, consecrated themselves to the ministries of the priests and the Levites. There were among them also those who were entrusted with the carrying of the water, the gathering of wood and other necessary duties. Indeed, if it was imposed to the Gabaonites, who were foreigners, to follow Joshua in the praises and to perform some works as porters or carpenters, this task was even more the duty of the Israelites. As a proof of this I have found in the interpretation of Hebrew names that this name means “house of Iaō,” that is, “of the God who is.” The text, in fact, mentions the children of Israel and among them Judah and Benjamin, and Ephraim18 and Manasseh. It also mentions the priests and the Levites, who inhabited those cities. About the Korēnites it says that they derived from Korah. It also says that among them there had been the guardians of the temple of God as well, and it seems that this custom had been introduced by Samuel and David. “All these, who were chosen as gatekeepers at the thresholds, were two hundred twelve. They were enrolled by genealogies in their villages. David and the prophet Samuel established them in their office of trust. So they and their descendants were in charge of the gates of the house of the Lord, that is, the house of the tent, as guards. The gatekeepers were on the four sides, east, west, north, and south.”
Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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SUMMARY
1 Chronicles 8:40 meticulously records the descendants of Ulam, a significant figure within the tribe of Benjamin, highlighting their distinctive characteristics and contributions. The verse specifically commends them as "mighty men of valour" and highly skilled "archers," underscoring their military strength and strategic importance. Furthermore, it emphasizes their prolific lineage, noting an impressive "hundred and fifty" sons and grandsons, which signifies a divinely blessed and flourishing family line. This detailed genealogical entry serves to affirm tribal identity, acknowledge military prowess, and celebrate the blessing of abundant offspring within the context of the post-exilic community's re-establishment and continuity.
CONTEXT
EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
Key Word Analysis
Verse Breakdown
Literary Devices
1 Chronicles 8:40, characteristic of the book's purpose, primarily employs Genealogy. This meticulous listing of lineages is not merely historical record-keeping but a profound theological statement, affirming the unbroken continuity of God's covenant people and their identity, particularly vital after the Babylonian exile. The verse also utilizes Descriptive Language through phrases like "mighty men of valour" and "archers," moving beyond simple nomenclature to vividly characterize the individuals and convey their significant attributes and contributions to the community. Furthermore, the phrasing "many sons, and sons' sons" employs a form of Emphasis or Repetition to underscore the profound blessing of numerous progeny, which was a key indicator of divine favor and prosperity in ancient Israel. The inclusion of the precise number "an hundred and fifty" provides Specificity and Quantification, lending credibility and weight to the record and highlighting the tangible extent of God's blessing upon this family line.
THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
1 Chronicles 8:40, though a concise genealogical entry, offers rich theological insights into God's character and His relationship with His people. It reveals God's meticulous attention to detail and His sovereign hand in preserving the lineage of His covenant people, even through what might appear to be mundane lists of names. The emphasis on lineage underscores the profound importance of identity within God's covenant community; knowing one's place within the family of faith is foundational for understanding one's heritage and purpose. The description of "mighty men of valour" and "archers" illustrates that God equips His people with diverse gifts, talents, and strengths, all intended to contribute to the well-being, defense, and flourishing of the entire community. The blessing of numerous descendants highlights God's faithfulness to His promises of fruitfulness and multiplication, ensuring the continuation of His people through generations. This verse ultimately reminds us that every individual and family, with their unique attributes and contributions, plays a vital role in God's larger redemptive plan, whether in ancient Israel or in the modern church.
REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
While rooted in an ancient genealogical record, 1 Chronicles 8:40 offers timeless principles for our lives today, encouraging us to reflect on our own place within God's unfolding story. It calls us to appreciate the rich heritage of faith that has been passed down through generations, recognizing that we are part of a larger, continuous narrative of God's faithfulness to His people. Just as the sons of Ulam contributed their unique military skills and family growth to the strength of the tribe of Benjamin, we are similarly called to identify and faithfully utilize our diverse gifts, talents, and strengths for the building up of the body of Christ and the advancement of His kingdom. Not everyone is called to the same role, but every contribution, no matter how seemingly small, is valued and purposed by God. Furthermore, the emphasis on "many sons, and sons' sons" serves as a powerful reminder of the biblical value placed on family, the blessing of children, and the intentional nurturing of future generations. This prompts us to consider: How are we investing in the spiritual and physical well-being of the next generation, recognizing them as a precious heritage and a vital part of God's ongoing work in the world?
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
Why are these genealogies so detailed in Chronicles, and what is their relevance today?
Answer: The detailed genealogies in Chronicles were profoundly crucial for the post-exilic community in ancient Israel. Practically, they served to re-establish land rights, confirm eligibility for priestly and Levitical service, and affirm tribal and family identities after the profound disruption of exile. Theologically, they powerfully affirmed God's covenant faithfulness in preserving a remnant and demonstrating the unbroken continuity of Israel's history and His promises. For believers today, these genealogies remind us of God's meticulous care for His people throughout history, the importance of our spiritual heritage, and that every part of God's story, even the seemingly mundane lists, has purpose and significance in His grand redemptive plan. Ultimately, they point to the ultimate lineage of Christ, through whom our true spiritual identity and belonging are found.
What is the significance of the "sons of Ulam" being described as "mighty men of valour" and "archers"?
Answer: This description highlights their exceptional military strength and specific combat skills. In ancient Israel, such attributes were essential for tribal defense and contributed significantly to national security. The tribe of Benjamin, from which Ulam's descendants hailed, was particularly renowned for its skilled warriors, including slingers and archers, as vividly recorded in Judges 20:16. This detail signifies that Ulam's descendants were not just numerous but also valuable assets to their community, actively contributing to its protection and well-being. It underscores the biblical principle that God uses diverse gifts and roles within His people to achieve His purposes, whether in ancient warfare or in the spiritual battles of today.
Why is the emphasis on "many sons, and sons' sons, an hundred and fifty" so prominent in this verse?
Answer: In ancient Israelite culture, a numerous progeny, especially many sons, was considered a profound and tangible blessing from God. It signified prosperity, divine favor, and the vital continuation of the family line and heritage. This emphasis reflects God's faithfulness to His promises of fruitfulness and multiplication, first given to Abraham in Genesis 12:2. A large family ensured the continuity of the covenant people and contributed significantly to the strength and growth of the tribe and nation. It powerfully reminds us that children are indeed a heritage and a reward from the Lord, as beautifully affirmed in Psalm 127:3.
CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
While 1 Chronicles 8:40 meticulously details an earthly lineage and military prowess, its ultimate significance points to the greater spiritual reality found in Jesus Christ. The meticulous genealogies throughout Chronicles, including this specific entry for Ulam's descendants, serve to underscore God's sovereign preservation of a chosen people through whom the Messiah would ultimately come. Jesus Christ is the ultimate "mighty man of valour," not in earthly combat, but in His decisive and triumphant victory over sin, death, and the cosmic powers of darkness through His sacrificial death and glorious resurrection (Colossians 2:15). He is the true "seed" promised to Abraham, through whom all nations are blessed and receive their spiritual heritage, fulfilling God's ancient covenant (Galatians 3:16). The "many sons" of Ulam foreshadow the countless spiritual children God gathers through Christ's redemptive work, making us "sons of God" by faith in Him (John 1:12) and co-heirs with Him in His eternal kingdom (Romans 8:17). Our true identity and belonging are no longer primarily defined by earthly lineage or human strength but by our adoption into God's family through Christ, who is the ultimate fulfillment of all God's promises and the head of a new, spiritual lineage that transcends all earthly boundaries and endures for eternity.