The Aramaic word shᵉmaʻ, represented by H8086, means to hear intelligently. It appears 9 times across 9 unique verses in the Bible. Its definition corresponds to its Hebrew counterpart, often carrying the implication of attention and obedience, and can also be used causatively to mean "to tell."
In the biblical narrative, H8086 is frequently used to link the act of hearing with a required response. In the book of Daniel, King Nebuchadnezzar's decree commands that all people who hear the sound of musical instruments must fall down and worship a golden image (Daniel 3:5, 3:10). This command is followed, as the people heard the music and worshipped Daniel 3:7. The word also describes receiving information, as when King Darius heard the words concerning Daniel and became displeased Daniel 6:14, or when Belshazzar heard of Daniel's wisdom Daniel 5:14. In a prophetic context, it is used to mean "obey," stating that all dominions will serve and obey the Most High Daniel 7:27.
Several related words provide a fuller context for hearing and responding:
- H3046 yᵉdaʻ (to know): This word is used in parallel with H8086 to describe the deficiencies of idols, which cannot see, hear, or know Daniel 5:23. It highlights that true hearing is connected to intelligent perception and recognition.
- H6399 pᵉlach (to serve or worship): This term is directly paired with H8086 in the prophecy that all dominions shall serve and obey the Most High Daniel 7:27. It shows that obedience is the natural extension of true service.
- H7123 qᵉrâʼ (to call out to... read): This word is linked to H8086 when Belshazzar states he has heard that Daniel can read the writing on the wall Daniel 5:16, connecting the act of hearing a report with the ability to interpret a message.
The theological weight of H8086 is demonstrated through its specific applications in the book of Daniel.
- The Test of Worship: The act of hearing is established as a test of allegiance. For the people of Babylon, to hear the king's music was to be presented with a choice to commit idolatry Daniel 3:15.
- The Impotence of Idols: The word is used to contrast the living God with false gods. Belshazzar is condemned for praising gods of silver and gold which cannot hear Daniel 5:23, underscoring the inability of idols to perceive or respond to their worshippers.
- Prophetic Obedience: In eschatological prophecy, H8086 defines the proper response to divine authority. The future everlasting kingdom is one where all dominions will not only serve, but also obey Daniel 7:27.
In summary, H8086 is a significant term that moves beyond simple auditory function. It encompasses the reception of a command, the understanding of a message, and the resultant act of obedience or disobedience. Through its usage, it draws a sharp distinction between the perceptive power of the true God and the lifelessness of idols, ultimately defining obedience as a core component of worship and service.
TRV