### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **sibʻâh**, represented by `{{H7653}}`, means **fulness** or satiety. It appears only **1 time** in **1 unique verse** in the entire Bible. Its sole usage defines a state of over-abundance, specifically in the context of it being a component of profound spiritual and moral failure.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The single appearance of `{{H7653}}` is found in a prophetic indictment against Sodom. In [[Ezekiel 16:49]], "fulness of bread" is listed as one of the core iniquities of Sodom, alongside pride, an abundance of idleness, and a failure to help the poor and needy. The term is not used to describe a blessing, but rather a state of material excess that contributed to a culture of arrogance and a lack of compassion for others. This context frames satiety as a dangerous condition when it is not accompanied by gratitude and social responsibility.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words from its only context help clarify the meaning of `{{H7653}}`:
* `{{H1347}}` **gâʼôwn** (arrogancy, excellency(-lent), majesty, pomp, pride, proud, swelling): This word for **pride** is listed as the first iniquity of Sodom, directly preceding "fulness of bread" [[Ezekiel 16:49]]. This association suggests that material satiety can lead to spiritual arrogance.
* `{{H3899}}` **lechem** (food (for man or beast), especially bread): This is the specific item of which there was a "fulness." While bread is often portrayed as a divine provision and necessity [[Exodus 23:25]], in this context, its over-abundance contributes to sin.
* `{{H7962}}` **shalvâh** (security (genuine or false); abundance, peace(-ably), prosperity, quietness): This word for **abundance** or **prosperity** is used in parallel with `{{H7653}}` to describe Sodom's state of ease, which led to idleness and neglect rather than righteousness [[Ezekiel 16:49]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H7653}}` is concentrated entirely in its single, powerful use.
* **Satiety as an Iniquity:** The word's sole appearance explicitly lists "fulness" as part of Sodom's **iniquity** `{{H5771}}`. This shows that material surplus, when it fosters pride and complacency, is viewed as a sin [[Ezekiel 16:49]].
* **Abundance and Neglect:** The "fulness of bread" is directly contrasted with the failure to strengthen the hand of the **poor** `{{H6041}}` and **needy** `{{H34}}`. This establishes a critical theological principle: abundance comes with a moral obligation to care for the vulnerable.
* **A Component of Judgment:** As part of the list of sins that defined Sodom, `{{H7653}}` demonstrates that a society's state of material ease and self-sufficiency can be a direct cause of divine judgment when it is coupled with arrogance and injustice.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H7653}}` is a highly specific term whose meaning is defined entirely by its context in [[Ezekiel 16:49]]. Though appearing only once, **sibʻâh** serves as a potent theological warning. It illustrates that "fulness" or satiety is not inherently righteous. When combined with pride and a callous disregard for the poor and needy, material abundance becomes a critical component of iniquity that invites judgment.
TRV