The Hebrew word shâʼṭ, represented by H7590, means to despise or contemn. It is a rare term, appearing only 3 times across 3 unique verses in the Bible. Its usage is concentrated in the book of Ezekiel, where it describes the contemptuous attitude of surrounding nations toward Israel.
In the biblical narrative, H7590 is consistently used to describe the external opposition faced by the house of Israel. The Philistines and other neighbors are identified as those who despise Israel, an action linked with their own reproach and wickedness Ezekiel 16:57. This contempt is not passive but is characterized as a source of active affliction, like a "pricking brier" and a "grieving thorn" to God's people Ezekiel 28:24. God promises to execute judgment on these despisers, which will lead to Israel dwelling in safety Ezekiel 28:26.
Several related words expand upon the concept of contempt and its effects:
- H2781 cherpâh (contumely, disgrace, the pudenda; rebuke, reproach(-fully), shame): This term is used in direct connection with being despised, highlighting the shame and disgrace that contempt brings upon its target Ezekiel 16:57.
- H3510 kâʼab (properly, to feel pain; by implication, to grieve; figuratively, to spoil; grieving, mar, have pain, make sad (sore), (be) sorrowful): This word is used to describe the effect of being despised, portraying it as a "grieving thorn" that causes pain and sorrow to the house of Israel Ezekiel 28:24.
- H3992 mâʼar (a primitive root; to be bitter or (causatively) to embitter, i.e. be painful; fretting, picking): Also appearing in Ezekiel 28:24, it describes those who despise Israel as a "pricking brier," emphasizing the irritating and painful nature of their contempt.
- H7451 raʻ (bad or (as noun) evil): In Ezekiel 16:57, the time of being despised is associated with the discovery of Jerusalem's "wickedness," providing a moral context for the actions and attitudes involved.
The theological weight of H7590 is significant within its limited context. It illustrates key principles regarding God's relationship with His people and their enemies.
- Contempt as Affliction: The word is explicitly linked to physical and emotional pain, defining those who despise Israel as a "pricking brier" and a "grieving thorn," demonstrating that God views contempt against His people as a source of tangible suffering Ezekiel 28:24.
- Divine Judgment: God's response to this contempt is not passive. He promises to execute "judgments upon all those that despise them," positioning the act of despising as a transgression that warrants divine retribution Ezekiel 28:26.
- Vindication and Knowledge of God: The ultimate purpose of judging those who show contempt is the security of Israel and, more importantly, the revelation of God's identity. The outcome is that "they shall know that I am the LORD their God" Ezekiel 28:26.
In summary, H7590 is a focused term that defines the hostile contempt of nations surrounding Israel. Though used sparingly, it carries significant weight in the book of Ezekiel, framing contempt not merely as an attitude but as a source of active affliction causing grief and pain. Its theological importance lies in showing that God acknowledges and judges the contempt directed at His people, using it as a backdrop to demonstrate His power and vindicate His name.
TRV