The Hebrew word qâram, represented by H7159, is a primitive root meaning to cover. It is a highly specific term, appearing only 2 times in 2 unique verses in the entire Bible. Its use is confined to the dramatic vision of the valley of dry bones.
Both occurrences of H7159 are found in Ezekiel's prophecy, where God demonstrates His power to restore life to the house of Israel. First, God declares His intention, "I will ... cover you with skin" Ezekiel 37:6, as a key step in reconstituting the bodies. This promise is then visually fulfilled when Ezekiel observes that "the skin covered them above" Ezekiel 37:8. In this context, the word signifies the final stage of physical restoration before the impartation of breath, a tangible act of divine re-creation.
Several related words are used alongside H7159 to construct this powerful image of restoration:
- H1320 bâsâr (flesh): This word refers to the flesh that God brings up upon the bones, which is then covered by skin (Ezekiel 37:6, Ezekiel 37:8).
- H5414 nâthan (to give): This verb describes God's direct action of "laying" sinews and "putting" breath into the newly formed bodies Ezekiel 37:6.
- H5785 ʻôwr (skin): This is the material that is used to "cover" the flesh, acting as the outer layer of the restored bodies Ezekiel 37:6.
- H5927 ʻâlâh (to ascend): This word is used to describe how the flesh will "bring up" or mount upon the skeletal framework Ezekiel 37:6.
The theological weight of H7159 is tied directly to its singular context in Ezekiel 37.
- Divine Power over Creation: The act of covering the bones with skin is a demonstration of God's sovereignty over life and death. It is a critical part of the process by which the people will "know that I am the LORD" Ezekiel 37:6.
- Completeness of Restoration: The covering of skin signifies a complete physical restoration. The narrative makes a clear distinction between the covered, but lifeless, body and the subsequent act of receiving breath, highlighting that true life comes only from God's spirit Ezekiel 37:8.
- Tangible Promise: The use of qâram illustrates the physical, hands-on nature of God's work. He does not just declare restoration but meticulously builds it, with "covering" being a final, protective step in the physical re-creation.
In summary, H7159 is a rare but potent verb meaning to cover. Its exclusive use in the vision of the Valley of Dry Bones locks its meaning to the theme of miraculous, divine restoration. It functions as a key descriptive action in one of scripture's most vivid prophecies, illustrating God's power to fully and physically reconstitute that which was dead, making it a powerful term for the completeness of God's restorative work.
TRV