### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **qorbân**, represented by `{{H7133}}`, refers to something brought near the altar, specifically a sacrificial present or offering. Derived from the root word `{{H7126}}` **qârab**, meaning to approach or bring near, it appears 82 times across 78 unique verses. It serves as a general term for various sacrifices and oblations presented to God as an act of worship.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In biblical law, `{{H7133}}` is the central term for the sacrificial system detailed in Leviticus and Numbers. It is used to introduce different categories of sacrifice, such as the **burnt sacrifice** [[Leviticus 1:3]], the **meat offering** [[Leviticus 2:1]], the **peace offering** [[Leviticus 3:1]], and the **sin offering** [[Leviticus 5:11]]. The regulations specify the type and condition of the **offering**, whether an animal from the herd or flock [[Leviticus 1:2]] or fine flour [[Leviticus 2:1]]. Failure to bring an **offering** at the appointed time or in the prescribed manner could result in being cut off from the people [[Numbers 9:13]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words clarify the different types and purposes of a **qorbân**:
* `{{H7126}}` **qârab** (to approach, bring near): This is the root verb from which **qorbân** is derived, emphasizing the action of bringing a gift into God's presence. It is used in the command to **offer** a sacrifice [[Leviticus 1:3]].
* `{{H5930}}` **ʻôlâh** (burnt offering): This describes a holocaust, an offering that ascends in smoke. It is one of the primary types of **qorbân** mentioned in scripture [[Leviticus 1:10]].
* `{{H4503}}` **minchâh** (meat offering): This term specifies a donation, typically a bloodless and voluntary sacrificial **offering** of grain or flour [[Leviticus 2:4]].
* `{{H8002}}` **shelem** (peace offering): This refers to a voluntary sacrifice given in thanks, a form of **oblation** that establishes peace and communion [[Leviticus 3:6]].
* `{{H2403}}` **chaṭṭâʼâh** (sin offering): This denotes an offering specifically for an offence or sin. A person who sins brings a **qorbân** as their **sin offering** [[Leviticus 4:28]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H7133}}` is foundational to understanding Old Testament worship and atonement.
* **Atonement:** The **offering** is the means by which a person or the community can **make an atonement** `{{H3722}}` for sin. The priests offer the people's **offering** to make atonement for them as commanded by the LORD [[Leviticus 9:7]].
* **Divine Provision:** The LORD refers to the sacrifices as "My **offering**, and my **bread** for my sacrifices made by fire" [[Numbers 28:2]], indicating that these acts of worship are a provision from God for His people to approach Him.
* **Vows and Freewill Offerings:** Beyond mandatory sacrifices, a **qorbân** could be given to fulfill **vows** `{{H5088}}` or as **freewill offerings** `{{H5071}}`, demonstrating personal devotion and thanksgiving [[Leviticus 22:18]].
* **Consecration:** The presentation of an **offering** is part of the dedication of sacred items, such as when the princes presented their **offering** for the dedicating of the altar [[Numbers 7:10]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H7133}}` **qorbân** is a comprehensive term for a sacrificial present brought near to God. It is not limited to a single type of sacrifice but encompasses everything from burnt offerings for atonement to grain offerings of thanksgiving. The word's root, "to bring near," captures the essence of the sacrificial system: a divinely established protocol for humanity to approach a holy God, deal with sin, and express devotion.
TRV