lemma פְלָדָה missing dagesh, corrected to פְּלָדָה; from an unused root meaning to divide; a cleaver, i.e. iron armature (of a chariot); torch.
Transliteration:pᵉlâdâh
Pronunciation:pel-aw-daw'
Detailed Word Study
AI-Generated
Loading Study...
### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew term פְּלָדָה (pᵉlâdâh), Strong's `{{H6393}}`, is a rare and intriguing lemma whose etymology points to an "unused root meaning to divide." This foundational sense of division or cleaving underpins its primary semantic range. The word is understood to refer to a "cleaver" or "iron armature," particularly in the context of a chariot, suggesting a robust, perhaps sharp or protective, metallic component. Intriguingly, it also carries the meaning of "torch." This dual understanding—of a metallic, dividing instrument and a source of light/fire—suggests either a material (steel, metal) that can be sharp or reflective, or an object that is visually striking and perhaps destructive. The connection to "dividing" could imply the cutting action of a cleaver, the way a chariot's armature might "divide" ranks, or even the way a torch's flame "divides" the darkness.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The word פְּLָדָה (pᵉlâdâh), `{{H6393}}`, appears only once in the entire Hebrew Bible, making its sole occurrence particularly significant for understanding its nuance. This unique instance is found in the prophetic book of Nahum:
* **[[Nahum 2:3]]**: "The shields of his mighty men are dyed red; the valiant men are clothed in scarlet. The chariots flash with steel on the day of their preparation; the spears are brandished." (ESV, with "steel" reflecting the common interpretation of `{{H6393}}`).
In this vivid description of the Assyrian army preparing for battle against Nineveh, פְּלָדָה (`{{H6393}}`) is often translated as "steel" or "flashing" (referring to the chariots). Some translations render it as "fiery torches" or "like torches of fire," emphasizing the visual spectacle and terrifying aspect of the chariots. The context is one of intense military might and the imminent destruction of a formidable city. The "flashing steel" or "fiery chariots" contribute to the imagery of an overwhelming, irresistible force, designed to instill fear and awe. This single usage powerfully conveys the formidable appearance and destructive potential of the approaching army.
### Related Words & Concepts
Given the singular occurrence and the "unused root" of פְּלָדָה (`{{H6393}}`), direct etymological relatives are scarce. However, its contextual usage in [[Nahum 2:3]] connects it to several broader biblical concepts and related terms:
* **Metalwork and Weaponry:** The primary interpretation of "steel" or "iron armature" links `{{H6393}}` to the broader category of metallic implements and weaponry. This includes terms like `{{H1270}}` (barzel, "iron") and `{{H5178}}` (nechoshet, "bronze" or "copper"), which frequently describe tools, weapons, and components of war machines.
* **Chariots and Warfare:** The mention of "chariots" (`{{H7393}}`, rekeb, or `{{H4818}}`, merkavah) immediately connects `{{H6393}}` to the extensive biblical imagery of ancient warfare. Chariots were powerful symbols of military might and speed, often associated with kings and armies.
* **Destruction and Judgment:** As part of a prophetic oracle against Nineveh, the "flashing steel" or "fiery chariots" serve as instruments or symbols of divine judgment. This connects to themes of God's use of earthly powers to execute His will, or His ultimate triumph over human might.
* **Light and Fire Imagery:** If interpreted as "torches" or "flashing," `{{H6393}}` aligns with biblical imagery of fire (`{{H784}}`, 'esh) and light (`{{H216}}`, 'or), often used to describe divine presence, judgment, or overwhelming power.
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of פְּלָדָה (`{{H6393}}`) is not found in the inherent nature of "steel" or "a torch" itself, but rather in its singular, powerful deployment within the prophetic context of [[Nahum 2:3]]. This verse is part of God's declaration of judgment against Nineveh, the capital of Assyria, a formidable and cruel empire. The "flashing steel" or "fiery chariots" serve as a vivid portrayal of the instrument of this divine judgment, likely representing the Babylonian or Scythian forces God would raise up.
The word underscores several theological truths:
1. **God's Sovereignty Over Nations:** Even the most terrifying and powerful military might of human empires, symbolized by the "flashing steel" of chariots, is ultimately under the sovereign control of Yahweh. He orchestrates their rise and fall, using them as instruments for His purposes, even to execute judgment.
2. **The Terrifying Nature of Divine Judgment:** The imagery is designed to evoke fear and awe. The "flashing" or "fiery" quality of the chariots speaks to the overwhelming, irresistible, and visually stunning nature of the judgment that is about to befall Nineveh. It is a testament to the fact that when God acts in judgment, it is with decisive and overwhelming power.
3. **The Contrast Between Human Power and Divine Omnipotence:** While the Assyrian army is depicted with formidable prowess, the ultimate message of Nahum is that even such strength is utterly powerless before the omnipotence of God. The "flashing steel" is a potent symbol of human might, but it is a might that God can raise up or cast down at will.
### Summary
פְּלָדָה (pᵉlâdâh), `{{H6393}}`, is a rare Hebrew term derived from an unused root meaning "to divide," carrying the primary senses of a "cleaver," "iron armature" (especially of a chariot), and "torch." Its singular appearance in [[Nahum 2:3]] is highly impactful, where it describes the "flashing steel" or "fiery" chariots of an approaching army, likely the instrument of God's judgment against Nineveh. This vivid imagery underscores the formidable and terrifying nature of military power as it is brought to bear. Theologically, the word serves to highlight God's absolute sovereignty over nations and their armies, demonstrating His power to orchestrate judgment through even the most formidable human forces. It powerfully illustrates that all earthly might, however awe-inspiring, is ultimately subservient to the divine will.
TRV