### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Aramaic word **ʻivyâʼ**, represented by `{{H5758}}`, defines **perverseness** or **iniquity**. Derived from a root corresponding to `עָוָה`, it points to a moral distortion or corruption. This specific term is exceptionally rare, appearing only **1 time** across **1 unique verses** in the entire Bible.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole use of `{{H5758}}` occurs in the counsel Daniel gives to a king. In [[Daniel 4:27]], Daniel advises the ruler to "break off thy sins by righteousness, and thine **iniquities** by shewing mercy to the poor." Here, **iniquities** `{{H5758}}` are presented alongside sins as moral failings that must be decisively abandoned for a ruler to find a "lengthening of thy tranquillity."
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related Aramaic words from its single context in [[Daniel 4:27]] illuminate its meaning:
* `{{H2408}}` **chăṭîy** (sin): Defined as "an offence; sin," this word is used in direct parallel with `{{H5758}}`, indicating two facets of wrongdoing that must be addressed [[Daniel 4:27]].
* `{{H6562}}` **pᵉraq** (break off): Meaning "to discontinue; break off," this is the specific action verb commanded in relation to iniquities, emphasizing a need for a clean and decisive separation from the practice [[Daniel 4:27]].
* `{{H6665}}` **tsidqâh** (righteousness): Defined as "beneficence; righteousness," this is presented as the direct antidote to sin, just as mercy is the remedy for iniquity [[Daniel 4:27]].
* `{{H2604}}` **chănan** (shew mercy): Meaning "to favor or (causatively) to entreat; shew mercy, make supplication," this is the specific positive action that counteracts and redeems iniquity [[Daniel 4:27]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{H5758}}`, though based on a single verse, is potent and clear.
* **A Call to Active Repentance:** The context of [[Daniel 4:27]] frames iniquity not as an inescapable stain but as a behavior that can and must be consciously broken off.
* **Perverseness vs. Mercy:** The verse establishes a sharp contrast, positioning the state of **iniquity** `{{H5758}}` as the direct opposite of "shewing mercy to the poor" (`{{H2604}}`, `{{H6033}}`). This implies that iniquity involves a lack of compassion and justice.
* **Righteousness as the Remedy:** The counsel demonstrates that true repentance involves more than merely stopping wicked behavior; it requires actively replacing it with positive acts of righteousness and mercy.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H5758}}` provides a focused Aramaic term for **iniquity** as a state of moral perverseness. Its solitary appearance in scripture is a powerful one, embedded within a direct call for a king to repent. The passage in [[Daniel 4:27]] uses this word to illustrate that turning from iniquity requires a deliberate choice to "break off" from it and embrace a life of active righteousness and mercy toward others.
TRV