The Hebrew word ʻâgôl, represented by H5696, means circular or round. It appears 6 times across 5 unique verses in the Bible. Its usage is highly specific, describing the physical shape of significant, crafted objects mentioned in scripture.
In the biblical narrative, H5696 is used exclusively to describe architectural and decorative elements within Solomon's Temple and palace. It details the shape of the great molten sea H3220, a large basin which was round all about, measuring ten cubits from brim to brim (1 Kings 7:23, 2 Chronicles 4:2). The word also describes smaller details, such as a round compass on the top of a base 1 Kings 7:35 and the top of Solomon's magnificent throne H3678, which was round behind 1 Kings 10:19. Its meaning is sharpened when used in contrast, as some gravings were described as "foursquare, not round" 1 Kings 7:31.
Several related words provide context for the use of H5696:
- H3220 yâm (sea): This refers to the large artificial basin in the temple, which is the primary object described as round 1 Kings 7:23.
- H520 ʼammâh (cubit): This unit of measure is consistently used to give the dimensions of the objects described as round, such as the five cubit height of the molten sea 2 Chronicles 4:2.
- H3678 kiççêʼ (throne): The term for Solomon's royal seat, which is described as having a round top, connecting the shape to royal majesty 1 Kings 10:19.
- H7251 râbaʻ (foursquare): This word for squared is used in direct opposition to round, highlighting the precise geometric vocabulary used to describe the temple furnishings 1 Kings 7:31.
The significance of H5696 is primarily descriptive, focusing on the specific craftsmanship of sacred and royal items.
- Architectural Precision: The word is used to convey the exact shape of key items in the temple's construction. The molten sea H3220 was specifically built to be round all about, with its circumference given as thirty cubits 1 Kings 7:23.
- Symbolic Contrast: The intentional use of both round and foursquare H7251 elements in the temple's design illustrates a deliberate and symbolic approach to its construction, as seen in the details of the bases 1 Kings 7:31.
- Association with Grandeur: The application of H5696 is limited to items of great importance, namely the molten sea, the bases for the lavers, and Solomon's throne H3678, linking the circular form to objects of high value and prominence 1 Kings 10:19.
In summary, H5696 is a specific descriptive term for "round" or "circular." While not a common word, its appearances are significant, providing precise physical details for some of the most important constructed objects in the Old Testament. It contributes to the vivid imagery of Solomon's temple and palace, highlighting the value placed on detailed craftsmanship in both sacred and royal contexts.
TRV