### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew name **ʻAbdâʼ**, represented by `{{H5653}}`, is defined as "work" and identifies two individuals in the Old Testament. The name is derived from the word עָבַד and appears **2 times** across **2 unique verses**, with each instance referring to a different person.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The name **ʻAbdâʼ** appears in two distinct historical contexts. In the first instance, he is identified as the father of Adoniram, an official who was placed "over the tribute" during the time of the monarchy [[1 Kings 4:6]]. The second reference places **ʻAbdâʼ** in the post-exilic period, where he is listed in a genealogy as the son of Shammua. This **ʻAbdâʼ** was among the Levites residing in Jerusalem who were involved in leading "the thanksgiving in prayer" [[Nehemiah 11:17]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help establish the identity and context of the individuals named **ʻAbdâʼ**:
* `{{H141}}` **ʼĂdônîyrâm** (Adoniram): This name means "lord of height" and refers to the son of the first Abda. He was a prominent Israelite official in charge of the tribute or levy ([[1 Kings 4:6]], [[1 Kings 5:14]]).
* `{{H8051}}` **Shammûwaʻ** (Shammua): Meaning "renowned," this is the name of the father of the second Abda. He is part of the Levitical lineage recorded in Nehemiah [[Nehemiah 11:17]].
* `{{H4316}}` **Mîykâʼ** (Micha): This name appears in the genealogy of the second Abda, as Abda's lineage is traced through Mattaniah, the son of Micha [[Nehemiah 11:17]].
* `{{H1121}}` **bên** (son): Defined as a builder of the family name, this word is essential in both verses where **ʻAbdâʼ** appears, as it establishes the direct father-son relationships that define these individuals' identities ([[1 Kings 4:6]], [[Nehemiah 11:17]]).
### Theological Significance
The significance of `{{H5653}}` is found in its function within biblical genealogies and administrative records, highlighting its role in two important eras of Israel's history.
* **Royal Administration:** The first **ʻAbdâʼ** is linked to the state's structure through his son, Adoniram, who held a significant position over the tribute, a key part of the kingdom's operations [[1 Kings 4:6]].
* **Post-Exilic Restoration:** The second **ʻAbdâʼ** is situated within the context of the restoration of worship in Jerusalem after the exile. His mention underscores the re-establishment of Levitical lines and their duties in the temple [[Nehemiah 11:17]].
* **Genealogical Marker:** In both accounts, the name **ʻAbdâʼ** serves primarily as a genealogical marker, providing crucial parentage information that solidifies the identity and heritage of other biblical figures.
### Summary
In summary, **ʻAbdâʼ** `{{H5653}}` is a proper name whose importance is tied to the two men who carried it. While the name itself appears only twice, it connects to significant moments in Israel's story: the administrative organization of the kingdom and the religious re-establishment of the community in Jerusalem. The name functions to provide lineage and historical context, anchoring key figures within their respective family and professional lines.
TRV