The Hebrew word niqpâh, represented by H5364, is defined as a rent and is probably derived from a word meaning a rope. It is an exceedingly rare term, appearing only 1 time in 1 unique verse in the entire Bible. Its singular use provides a potent image of tearing and ruin.
The sole appearance of H5364 is within a prophecy of judgment in Isaiah. The verse describes a complete reversal of fortune for the daughters of Zion, where their luxuries are stripped away and replaced with signs of devastation. Specifically, the text states that "instead of a girdle there shall be a rent" Isaiah 3:24. In this context, the word signifies a tearing of garments or the replacement of a fine belt with a mere rope, symbolizing humiliation and loss.
The meaning of H5364 is sharpened by the words it is contrasted with in its only appearance:
- H2290 chăgôwr (a belt (for the waist); apron, armour, gird(-le)): This is the item of finery that the "rent" directly replaces. A girdle signifies being well-dressed and put together, making its replacement by a rent H5364 a symbol of being undone Isaiah 3:24.
- H3308 yŏphîy (beauty): This word represents the overall state of grace and attractiveness that will be lost. The prophecy declares that this beauty will be replaced by burning H3587, placing the loss of the girdle into the broader context of complete ruin Isaiah 3:24.
- H8242 saq (coarse loose cloth or sacking... sack(-cloth, -clothes)): This material is what is used for the "girding" that replaces a "stomacher." Sackcloth is a classic symbol of mourning and abasement, reinforcing the theme of humiliation associated with the rent Isaiah 3:24.
The theological weight of H5364 is concentrated in its powerful, singular use.
- Symbol of Divine Judgment: The word functions as a stark symbol of judgment. The reversal from a fine "girdle" H2290 to a "rent" H5364 is not accidental but a direct consequence of turning away from God, illustrating a complete overthrow of social status and prosperity Isaiah 3:24.
- An Outward Mark of Humiliation: The "rent" is an external sign of an internal state of shame and disgrace. It is listed alongside other physical marks of abasement, such as stink H4716 instead of sweet smell and baldness H7144 instead of well set hair, painting a picture of total degradation.
- Reversal of Order and Beauty: The term highlights a move from order to chaos. A girdle holds things together, while a rent signifies that things have been torn apart. This physical description mirrors the social and spiritual breakdown described in the prophecy.
In summary, while H5364 appears only once, its meaning is clear and impactful. It is not merely a word for something torn but a potent symbol of judgment, humiliation, and the reversal of fortune. Its placement in Isaiah 3:24 serves as a vivid illustration of how luxury and pride can be replaced by devastation and shame when God's warnings are ignored.
TRV