Word Study for H4933 (מְשִׁסָּה)

mᵉshiççâh /mesh-is-saw'/ Ask about this word

Meaningplunder

KJV usagebooty, spoil.

Word Study

In depth

A plain-language study of mᵉshiççâh — the range of meaning it carries, how Scripture actually uses it, and where it points. Written for readers who don’t know the original language.

Core Meaning & Semantic Range

The Hebrew word mᵉshiççâh, represented by H4933, refers to plunder, booty, or spoil. It appears 6 times across 6 unique verses in the Bible. Derived from a root meaning to plunder, this term signifies the state of being despoiled or the goods taken in such an act, often in the context of military defeat or divine judgment.

Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis

In biblical prophecy, H4933 is consistently used to describe the consequences of sin and disobedience. God gives Jacob over for a spoil because the people would not walk in His ways or be obedient to His law Isaiah 42:24. This judgment is depicted as God forsaking His inheritance and delivering them into the hand of their enemies, to become a prey and a spoil 2 Kings 21:14. The term also describes the fate of Israel's enemies, with God promising that those who spoil His people will themselves become a spoil Jeremiah 30:16. In this way, the word functions as a tangible sign of both divine judgment and eventual restoration.

Related Words & Concepts

Several related words clarify the context of plunder and its consequences:

H957 baz (booty, prey, spoil): This term is frequently used in parallel with H4933 to emphasize the totality of the plunder. A people can become both a prey H957 and a spoil H4933 to their enemies 2 Kings 21:14.
H8154 shâçâh (to plunder, destroyer, rob, spoil): This verb describes the action that results in something becoming a spoil. The people of Israel are described as a people spoiled H8154 and robbed Isaiah 42:22.
H7628 shᵉbîy (captivity, prisoners, booty): This term connects the plundering to the fate of the people themselves. Those who spoil Israel will go into captivity H7628, linking the loss of possessions with the loss of freedom Jeremiah 30:16.

Theological Significance

The theological weight of H4933 is tied to God's covenant and judgment.

Consequence of Sin: Becoming a spoil is presented as a direct result of Israel's sin and failure to obey God's law H8451. The reason Jacob was given for a spoil H4933 was because "we have sinned" Isaiah 42:24.
Divine Sovereignty in Judgment: The act of being plundered is not a random event but occurs when God delivers His people into the hand H3027 of their enemies H341. This happens when God forsakes H5203 the remnant of His inheritance 2 Kings 21:14.
Instrument of Divine Justice: The term is also used to promise a future reversal. God declares that the adversaries H6862 who devour Israel will themselves be devoured, and those that spoil them will become a spoil H4933, demonstrating God's ultimate justice Jeremiah 30:16.

Summary

In summary, H4933 is more than just a word for plunder. It is a powerful theological term illustrating the tangible consequences of disobedience within God's covenant. It signifies a state of vulnerability and loss that comes from divine judgment, where a nation's people and wealth are given over to their enemies (2 Kings 21:14, Zephaniah 1:13). Ultimately, the concept of becoming a spoil also serves as a promise of God's sovereign justice, where He will turn the tables on oppressors (Jeremiah 30:16, Habakkuk 2:7).

How the KJV Renders It

Translation

Strong’s lists the renderings but not their weight. These are counted from the King James text of the tagged verses — the bar under each is how often the translators actually reached for it. Select one to filter the occurrences below.

Grammatical Forms

Morphology

In the Hebrew Old Testament, this word appears as a noun across 5 occurrences, inflected in 2 grammatical forms — each row is one form, and the bar is how often it is that form. Select any form to read what each part of its name means, and to filter the occurrence list to it.

מְשִׁסָּה
מְשִׁסּוֹת

Related Words

Other entries the study above points to — each one is drawn from a reference it makes. Follow the trail to see how the words connect.

Theographic Context

Context

The people, places, and span of history the verses containing this word touch on — drawn from the theographic tagging of Scripture. Select any name to isolate its verses in the occurrence list.

Biblical Distribution

Distribution

Appears in 6 verses across 5 of the 39 books. Most frequent in Isaiah (2 verses); never once in the other 34.

2 Kings

Isaiah

Jeremiah

Habakkuk

Zephaniah

Every Occurrence

Concordance

Every verse where the word is tagged in the King James text. Filter by book, by the English word the translators chose, by grammatical form, or search within the verses.

Sources. Definition and numbering: James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890). Morphology: STEPBible / Tyndale House (CC BY). Verse tagging: the King James text keyed to Strong’s numbers. Every count on this page is computed from the tagged corpus, not estimated.