### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **murdâph**, represented by `{{H4783}}`, means **persecuted**. It is derived from the root רָדַף. This specific term is exceptionally rare, appearing only **1 time** in **1 unique verse** within the scriptures, highlighting a very specific moment of divine judgment.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole appearance of `{{H4783}}` is found in a prophetic taunt against a fallen, oppressive ruler. The passage describes a king who once "smote the people in wrath with a continual stroke" and "ruled the nations in anger" [[Isaiah 14:6]]. In a dramatic reversal of fortune, this once-powerful figure is now the one who is **persecuted**, with the verse concluding that "none hindereth" his downfall.
### Related Words & Concepts
The context of `{{H4783}}` in [[Isaiah 14:6]] is enriched by several related words that describe the actions of the oppressor who is now persecuted:
* `{{H5221}}` **nâkâh** (to strike, smite): This primitive root describes the violent action of the ruler, who "smote the people" [[Isaiah 14:6]]. It is used elsewhere to describe divine action, as when God states he has "smitten" his people, but will also heal them [[Hosea 6:1]].
* `{{H4347}}` **makkâh** (a blow, stroke, wound): This noun, derived from `{{H5221}}`, quantifies the violence as a "continual stroke" inflicted upon the people [[Isaiah 14:6]]. It can also describe a "very grievous blow" [[Jeremiah 14:17]].
* `{{H7287}}` **râdâh** (to rule, have dominion): This word defines the oppressor's former power, stating "he that ruled the nations" [[Isaiah 14:6]]. The term can describe both righteous dominion, as given to man at creation [[Genesis 1:26]], and cruel, forceful rule [[Ezekiel 34:4]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{H4783}}` is concentrated in the principle of divine justice and the reversal of earthly power structures.
* **Divine Retribution:** The word's single use illustrates a direct consequence for tyrannical rule. The one who ruled with "wrath" `{{H5678}}` and "anger" `{{H639}}` is now himself the subject of unopposed persecution [[Isaiah 14:6]].
* **The Fall of the Oppressor:** This term encapsulates the theme of God humbling the arrogant. The king's persecution signifies the end of his oppressive dominion and serves as a powerful statement that no earthly power is absolute.
* **Justice for the People:** By showing the persecutor becoming the **persecuted**, the verse provides a message of hope and vindication for those who suffer under unjust rule, affirming that such actions are seen and judged.
### Summary
In summary, **murdâph** `{{H4783}}` is a highly specific term whose singular appearance in scripture delivers a potent message. It means **persecuted** and is used exclusively to describe the fate of a once-mighty oppressor in [[Isaiah 14:6]]. The word serves as a concise theological statement on divine retribution, demonstrating that those who rule with violent anger will ultimately face a reversal of their own power, becoming the very thing they once created: the persecuted.
TRV