### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **miqçâm**, represented by `{{H4738}}`, refers to **an augury; divination**. Derived from the root word for augury, it appears only **2 times** in **2 unique verses**, both within the book of Ezekiel. It consistently denotes a form of false or illegitimate prophecy, standing in contrast to true revelation from God.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{H4738}}` is exclusively used to condemn deceitful spiritual practices within Israel. The prophet Ezekiel proclaims that God will put an end to "flattering **divination**" in the house of Israel [[Ezekiel 12:24]]. It is also part of a direct rebuke to false prophets, whom God accuses of speaking a "lying **divination**" [[Ezekiel 13:7]]. In both instances, the term is associated with falsehood and messages that are not from the Lord.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words are used alongside `{{H4738}}` to define its negative character:
* `{{H7723}}` **shâvᵉʼ** (vain, vanity): This word, meaning evil, uselessness, or falsehood, is used to describe the "vain vision" that accompanies the false divination [[Ezekiel 13:7]].
* `{{H3577}}` **kâzâb** (falsehood; lie, lying): This term directly modifies divination, explicitly labeling the practice as a "lying **divination**" that originates from human deceit, not from God [[Ezekiel 13:7]].
* `{{H2509}}` **châlâq** (flattering, smooth): This describes the nature of the false divination, suggesting it is designed to please its audience rather than convey truth. It is identified as a "flattering **divination**" [[Ezekiel 12:24]].
* `{{H2377}}` **châzôwn** (vision): This word for a revelation or oracle is used in contrast to divination. While God gives true vision [[Daniel 1:17]], the type associated with `{{H4738}}` is "vain" [[Ezekiel 12:24]].
* `{{H4236}}` **machăzeh** (a vision): Similar to `châzôwn`, this term is used for authentic visions from God [[Genesis 15:1]], but in the context of false prophecy, it is specified as a "vain **vision**" [[Ezekiel 13:7]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H4738}}` is found in its clear demarcation between true and false prophecy.
* **Condemnation of Illegitimate Spiritualism:** The use of `miqçâm` is part of God's judgment against prophets who speak without His authority. It is condemned as "lying" [[Ezekiel 13:7]] and "flattering" [[Ezekiel 12:24]], representing a corruption of divine communication.
* **A Sign of Deceit:** The practice is linked directly to falsehood. Those who engage in it are accused of speaking lies in God's name, claiming "The LORD saith it; albeit I have not spoken" [[Ezekiel 13:7]].
* **Contrast with True Revelation:** The term is always set against authentic forms of God's word, such as a true "vision" (`{{H2377}}`, `{{H4236}}`). It is presented as a counterfeit that offers empty and useless guidance, described as `vain` `{{H7723}}`.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H4738}}` is a specific and potent term for condemned divination. Though rare, its usage in Ezekiel provides a sharp theological critique of false prophets. It is consistently characterized as a vain, lying, and flattering practice that stands in direct opposition to the true and authoritative word of the Lord, highlighting the severe biblical prohibition against seeking or promoting fraudulent spiritual guidance.
TRV