### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **maʻăshaqqâh**, represented by `{{H4642}}`, is a term for **oppression**. Appearing just **2 times** in **2 unique verses**, it is derived from the root word for oppression and can refer to the act itself or, idiomatically, to the **oppressor**.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The two uses of `{{H4642}}` in scripture define the character of both the righteous and the unrighteous. In Isaiah, the word is used to describe the unjust profit that a righteous person rejects, as one who "despiseth the gain of **oppressions**" [[Isaiah 33:15]]. In Proverbs, it characterizes a corrupt leader, stating that a "prince that wanteth understanding is also a great **oppressor**" [[Proverbs 28:16]], directly linking a lack of wisdom with the act of oppression.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the concept of oppression and the righteous response to it:
* `{{H1215}}` **betsaʻ** (covetousness, (dishonest) gain): This word for unjust gain is explicitly tied to `{{H4642}}` in scripture. The righteous man despises the "gain of oppressions" [[Isaiah 33:15]], and the foolish prince who is an oppressor is contrasted with one who "hateth **covetousness**" [[Proverbs 28:16]].
* `{{H3988}}` **mâʼaç** (despise, refuse, reject): This verb describes the appropriate reaction to the fruit of oppression. A key quality of the righteous is that they **despise** such gain [[Isaiah 33:15]]. This same word is used when God **refused** Eliab as king [[1 Samuel 16:7]] and when the builders **refused** the cornerstone [[Psalms 118:22]], indicating a firm rejection.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H4642}}` is focused on ethics and leadership.
* **Defining Righteousness:** The term is used to establish a benchmark for righteous living. True righteousness involves an active rejection, or despising, of any benefit derived from the oppression of others [[Isaiah 33:15]].
* **Mark of Corrupt Leadership:** The word serves as a warning against unjust rule. A leader who lacks understanding is identified as a "great oppressor," linking foolishness directly to the sin of oppression [[Proverbs 28:16]].
* **Injustice and Unjust Gain:** `{{H4642}}` is not an abstract concept but is directly connected to tangible, ill-gotten wealth. The phrase "gain of oppressions" shows that the act of oppressing others was often motivated by covetousness.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H4642}}` is a specific and impactful term that, despite its infrequent use, carries significant ethical weight. It functions as a clear indicator of sin, whether describing the unjust "gain of oppressions" spurned by the righteous or the character of a foolish and corrupt "oppressor." It serves as a moral dividing line, distinguishing the character of wise and just individuals from those who lack understanding and integrity.
TRV