### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **maʻălâl**, represented by `{{H4611}}`, refers to **an act, doing, or work**, which can be either good or bad. It appears **41 times** in **41 unique verses**, highlighting its role in describing human conduct and its consequences. The term encompasses a range of meanings from a specific endeavour to a person's general course of action.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H4611}}` is frequently used in the context of divine judgment. The LORD{H3068} declares He will give every person "according to the fruit of his **doings**" ([[Jeremiah 17:10]]; [[Jeremiah 32:19]]). This principle of accountability is a consistent theme where consequences are a direct result of one's actions. Prophets repeatedly call for repentance by urging the people to amend their **doings** [[Jeremiah 7:3]] and turn from their evil ways [[Zechariah 1:4]]. The term is also used to describe the character of individuals, such as Nabal, who was "evil in his **doings**" [[1 Samuel 25:3]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words clarify the concept of actions and their consequences:
* `{{H1870}}` **derek** (a road, a course of life): This word is often used alongside **maʻălâl** to connect a person's life path with their specific actions. God judges people "according to our ways{H1870}, and according to our doings{H4611}" [[Zechariah 1:6]].
* `{{H6529}}` **pᵉrîy** (fruit, reward): This term signifies the outcome or consequence of one's actions. The righteous eat the "fruit{H6529} of their doings{H4611}" [[Isaiah 3:10]], while desolation comes as the "fruit{H6529} of their doings{H4611}" for the wicked [[Micah 7:13]].
* `{{H7725}}` **shûwb** (to turn back, return): This word is central to the call for repentance from evil **doings**. The prophets command the people to "Turn{H7725} ye now from your evil{H7451} ways{H1870}, and from your evil{H7451} doings{H4611}" [[Zechariah 1:4]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H4611}}` is significant, underscoring key principles of God's relationship with humanity.
* **Moral Accountability:** The term establishes that God observes and holds individuals accountable for their actions. He promises to "punish{H6485} you according to the fruit{H6529} of your doings{H4611}" [[Jeremiah 21:14]] and to render to people their "desert{H1576}" for the wickedness of their **endeavours** [[Psalms 28:4]].
* **Expression of the Heart:** A person's "doings" are treated as the outward evidence of their inner state. The "wickedness{H7455} of their doings{H4611}" leads to being driven from God's house [[Hosea 9:15]], and rebellious **doings** are a direct provocation against the LORD{H3068} [[Isaiah 3:8]].
* **The Call to Repentance:** The concept is crucial for understanding repentance. Amending one's "ways{H1870} and your doings{H4611}" is presented as the path to restoration and dwelling in the land God has given ([[Jeremiah 7:3]]; [[Jeremiah 35:15]]).
### Summary
In summary, `{{H4611}}` is a term loaded with moral and theological significance. It moves beyond a simple definition of an "act" to convey the full weight of human conduct as seen by God. It serves as a cornerstone for the biblical doctrines of divine judgment, the tangible nature of sin, and the sincere call to repentance, reminding believers that their **doings** are never neutral but carry consequences that shape their relationship with their Creator.
TRV