The Hebrew word makbîyr, represented by H4342, means plenty or abundance. It is a rare term, appearing just 1 time in 1 unique verse in the entire Bible. Its singular use describes a great quantity, specifically in the context of divine provision.
The sole appearance of H4342 is in Job 36:31, which states that God "giveth meat in abundance." In this passage, the word is used to describe the magnitude of God's provision for the people. It is set in a context where God's power is demonstrated through both His judgment over the people and His generous sustenance of them.
Several related words from its only context in Job 36:31 help define its meaning:
- H1777 dîyn (a primitive root; a straight course, i.e. sail direct; (come) with a straight course): Used in Job 36:31 to mean "judgeth," this word connects God's authority to his provision. The same verse that speaks of His abundance H4342 begins by stating how He judgeth the people.
- H5971 ʻam (a people (as a congregated unit)): This term for people identifies the recipients of God's abundant provision in Job 36:31. God's judgment and blessings are directed toward His people, as seen when He declares, "It is my people" Zechariah 13:9.
- H5414 nâthan (a primitive root; to give): This foundational word for to give is the action that delivers the abundance. God "giveth" H5414 meat in "abundance" H4342. This verb is used throughout Scripture to describe God's generosity, from giving an expected end Jeremiah 29:11 to putting a new spirit within His people Ezekiel 36:26.
- H400 ʼôkel (from אָכַל; food; eating, food, meal(-time), meat, prey, victuals): This word for food or meat is the object of the abundance described by H4342. The verse specifies that God provides food in great quantity Job 36:31. This term is also used for sustenance in times of scarcity, such as when fields yield no meat Habakkuk 3:17.
The theological weight of H4342 is derived entirely from its single use, highlighting several key themes:
- Divine Generosity: The primary theological point of H4342 is to underscore the sheer scale of God's provision. He does not merely sustain, but gives H5414 food H400 in abundance Job 36:31.
- Sovereignty in Blessing and Judgment: Its use in Job 36:31 links God's role as a provider with His role as a judge. The same God who "judgeth" H1777 the people H5971 is the one who gives generously to them.
- God as Sustainer: The word appears in a context affirming God's power over creation and His role as the ultimate source of life and sustenance for His people.
In summary, H4342 is a highly specific term for abundance whose meaning is entirely defined by its single appearance. While rare, its placement in Job 36:31 provides a powerful theological statement. It illustrates that God's authority is expressed not only through judgment but also through overwhelming generosity, positioning Him as the divine provider who gives sustenance without measure.
TRV