### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **midcheh**, represented by `{{H4072}}`, is defined as **overthrow** or **ruin**. Derived from the root דָּחָה, this term appears just **1 time** in the Bible, in **1 unique verse**. Its singular usage provides a highly specific context for its meaning, linking it directly to the consequences of destructive speech.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole biblical occurrence of `{{H4072}}` is in [[Proverbs 26:28]]. The verse states that while a lying tongue hates those it afflicts, a "flattering mouth worketh **ruin**." This positions `{{H4072}}` as the direct result of insincere and smooth speech. The ruin is not an accident but is actively produced—"worketh"—by the words of a flatterer, highlighting the destructive power inherent in deceitful communication.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words from its context in [[Proverbs 26:28]] illuminate the nature of this ruin:
* `{{H2509}}` **châlâq** (flattering): Defined as "smooth (especially of tongue); flattering, smooth," this is the direct quality of the mouth that leads to ruin. It is used elsewhere to describe a "smooth man" [[Genesis 27:11]] and the deceptive speech of a strange woman [[Proverbs 5:3]].
* `{{H8267}}` **sheqer** (lying): Meaning "an untruth; by implication, a sham," this word describes the tongue in the first part of the verse. It establishes deceit as the central theme, with ruin being the ultimate outcome of such falsehood [[Proverbs 26:28]].
* `{{H6310}}` **peh** (mouth): As the instrument of speech, the "mouth" is what works the ruin. This word, used figuratively for speech, is presented as the source of powerful words, whether from God [[Jeremiah 1:9]] or from a flatterer causing destruction.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H4072}}` is concentrated in its single, impactful appearance. It underscores key principles about speech and its consequences.
* **The Fruit of Flattery:** The term establishes a direct causal link between flattery and destruction. It teaches that smooth, insincere words are not harmless but are an active force that brings about **ruin** [[Proverbs 26:28]].
* **Speech as an Active Force:** The verb "worketh" `{{H6213}}` combined with **ruin** `{{H4072}}` portrays speech as a powerful agent. The mouth `{{H6310}}` is not a passive vessel but an instrument capable of producing tangible, destructive outcomes.
* **Deceit and Harm:** The context pairs the flattering mouth that causes **ruin** with the lying tongue that "hateth those that are afflicted" `{{H1790}}`. This connects deceptive speech to a malicious intent, showing that such words are often aimed at harming the vulnerable.
### Summary
In summary, **midcheh** `{{H4072}}` provides a sharp and focused definition of "ruin." Though used only once, its placement in [[Proverbs 26:28]] anchors its meaning as the specific destruction wrought by a "flattering mouth." It serves as a potent warning about the profound and damaging consequences of insincere speech, illustrating how words possess the power to cause a complete overthrow.
TRV