### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **libneh**, represented by `{{H3839}}`, refers to the **poplar**, a type of whitish tree. Appearing just **2 times** in **2 unique verses**, its usage in scripture is highly specific. The word itself is derived from a root associated with whiteness, reflecting the tree's appearance.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H3839}}` is used in two distinct contexts. In Genesis, Jacob takes rods of green **poplar**, along with hazel and chesnut, and peels white strakes into them as part of a plan to influence the breeding of his flocks [[Genesis 30:37]]. In contrast, the prophet Hosea lists **poplars** among the trees—including oaks and elms—under which the Israelites were committing idolatry. They chose these spots to **sacrifice** `{{H2076}}` and **burn incense** `{{H6999}}` because the **shadow** `{{H6738}}` they provided was **good** `{{H2896}}` [[Hosea 4:13]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several other trees and related terms appear in direct connection with the **poplar**:
* `{{H3869}}` **lûwz** (hazel): Defined as some kind of nuttree, it is mentioned with **poplar** in the account of Jacob preparing rods for his flocks [[Genesis 30:37]].
* `{{H6196}}` **ʻarmôwn** (chesnut tree): This word, identifying the plane tree, also appears alongside **poplar** in the same narrative in Genesis [[Genesis 30:37]].
* `{{H437}}` **'allôwn** (an oak or other strong tree): The **poplar** is grouped with the **oak** as one of the trees providing shade for idolatrous sacrifices upon the mountains and hills [[Hosea 4:13]].
* `{{H424}}` **ʼêlâh** (elm, oak, teil-tree): This term for a strong tree is also mentioned with **poplar** and **oak** as a site for improper worship [[Hosea 4:13]].
### Theological Significance
The significance of `{{H3839}}` is revealed through its contrasting uses in scripture:
* **Element of Creation:** In Genesis, the **poplar** branch is a simple tool from the natural world. Jacob utilizes it in an act of husbandry, demonstrating the use of created things for human enterprise [[Genesis 30:37]].
* **Setting for Idolatry:** In Hosea, the **poplar** is part of a setting for spiritual rebellion. Its desirable quality—a **good** `{{H2896}}` **shadow** `{{H6738}}`—is co-opted for forbidden worship on the **tops** `{{H7218}}` of **mountains** `{{H2022}}`, illustrating how a natural blessing can become an occasion for sin [[Hosea 4:13]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H3839}}` is a specific botanical term whose meaning is derived entirely from its context. It appears once as a raw material in a narrative of patriarchal strategy and once as part of the scenery for condemned religious practice. The **poplar** tree itself is neutral, but its uses in scripture illustrate the broader biblical theme of how elements of the created world can be either used for practical purposes or misused for acts of spiritual unfaithfulness.
TRV