### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **kâshaph**, represented by `{{H3784}}`, is a primitive root that properly means to whisper a spell, or to inchant and practise magic. It is translated as **sorcerer**, **witch**, or the use of **witchcraft**. Appearing just 6 times in 6 unique verses, its usage is specific and carries significant weight, consistently identifying a practice condemned by God.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In biblical law, `{{H3784}}` is used to establish an absolute prohibition against witchcraft. The command in the law is severe and direct: "Thou shalt not suffer a **witch** to live" [[Exodus 22:18]]. It is also included in a list of forbidden occult practices that were not to be found among God's people [[Deuteronomy 18:10]]. The term is used to describe practitioners in foreign courts, such as the **sorcerers** of Egypt called by Pharaoh [[Exodus 7:11]] and the **sorcerers** summoned by the king in Daniel's time [[Daniel 2:2]]. It is cited as a great evil, with a king who "used **witchcraft**" being described as provoking the LORD to anger [[2 Chronicles 33:6]]. Lastly, the LORD promises to be a "swift witness against the **sorcerers**" in the day of judgment [[Malachi 3:5]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related Hebrew words for occult practices appear alongside `{{H3784}}`, creating a detailed picture of what was forbidden:
* `{{H2748}}` **charṭôm** (magician): Defined as a horoscopist, this term is used for practitioners in the courts of Egypt and Babylon who were called upon with the sorcerers ([[Exodus 7:11]], [[Daniel 2:2]]).
* `{{H6049}}` **ʻânan** (observer of times): This term describes one who practices magic covertly. It is forbidden along with being a witch in the law [[Deuteronomy 18:10]] and is listed as an evil practice that provokes the LORD [[2 Chronicles 33:6]].
* `{{H5172}}` **nâchash** (enchanter): Meaning to whisper a magic spell, this word describes another forbidden activity. It appears with witch and observer of times in the prohibitions of the law [[Deuteronomy 18:10]].
* `{{H178}}` **ʼôwb** (familiar spirit): Meaning a mumble or a necromancer, dealing with a familiar spirit is an act of evil committed alongside using witchcraft [[2 Chronicles 33:6]].
* `{{H3049}}` **yiddᵉʻônîy** (wizard): From a word meaning "knowing one," this term for a conjurer is also associated with the evil practices of King Manasseh, who "dealt with a familiar spirit, and with wizards" [[2 Chronicles 33:6]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H3784}}` is clear and severe, highlighting a fundamental conflict with the worship of the LORD.
* **Absolute Prohibition:** The practice of witchcraft is not merely discouraged but is subject to the harshest condemnation in the law, including the death penalty [[Exodus 22:18]]. It is listed as an abomination that must be purged from the community [[Deuteronomy 18:10]].
* **Symbol of Rebellion:** Engaging in witchcraft is portrayed as a deliberate act of evil that provokes God to anger. It is a key sin mentioned in the account of a king who "wrought much evil in the sight of the LORD" [[2 Chronicles 33:6]].
* **Pagan Opposition:** Sorcerers are consistently associated with pagan nations like Egypt [[Exodus 7:11]] and the Chaldeans [[Daniel 2:2]], representing powers and wisdom that stand in opposition to God.
* **Certain Judgment:** Scripture makes it plain that sorcerers are among those who will face divine judgment. The LORD himself declares he will be a swift witness against them [[Malachi 3:5]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H3784}}` defines a practice that is unequivocally condemned in scripture. Whether translated as witch, sorcerer, or witchcraft, it represents an attempt to gain power and knowledge through forbidden, magical means. From the laws of Exodus and Deuteronomy to the historical narratives and prophetic warnings, the Bible treats sorcery as a grave sin, a mark of pagan rebellion, and an act that incurs the certain judgment of God.
TRV