### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **kârar**, represented by `{{H3769}}`, is a primitive root that means **to dance (i.e. whirl)**. Although it appears only **2 times** across **2 unique verses**, its usage captures a powerful and specific act of worshipful celebration.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H3769}}` is used exclusively to describe King David's exuberant celebration as the ark of the Lord was brought into Jerusalem. The text states that **David** `{{H1732}}` **danced** `{{H3769}}` before the **LORD** `{{H3068}}` with all his might [[2 Samuel 6:14]]. This same event is observed by Saul's daughter Michal, who saw King **David** `{{H1732}}` leaping and **dancing** `{{H3769}}` before the **LORD** `{{H3068}}` and consequently despised him [[2 Samuel 6:16]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide deeper context to this act of worship:
* `{{H6339}}` **pâzaz** (to spring (as if separating the limbs); leap): This word is used in parallel with `{{H3769}}`, emphasizing the energetic and unrestrained physical expression of David's joy. Michal saw him **leaping** and dancing [[2 Samuel 6:16]].
* `{{H5797}}` **ʻôz** (strength in various applications (force, security, majesty, praise)): This term qualifies the intensity of the dance, showing it was not a casual act but one of complete physical and emotional exertion. David danced with all his **might** [[2 Samuel 6:14]].
* `{{H959}}` **bâzâh** (to disesteem; despise): This word highlights the human reaction to David's uninhibited worship. In contrast to the celebration, Michal **despised** him for his actions [[2 Samuel 6:16]].
* `{{H6440}}` **pânîym** (the face... as a preposition (before, etc.)): This word establishes the audience and purpose of the dance. It was an act performed **before** the LORD, directly in His presence [[2 Samuel 6:14]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H3769}}` is centered on the nature of worship:
* **Wholehearted Expression:** David's dance "with all his **might**" `{{H5797}}` serves as a model for worship that engages the whole person—body, soul, and strength—without reservation [[2 Samuel 6:14]].
* **Royal Humility:** The image of King **David** `{{H1732}}` whirling and leaping before the ark demonstrates a leader humbling himself in joyful submission to the true King, the **LORD** `{{H3068}}`.
* **Worship over Dignity:** The contrast between David's celebration and Michal's scorn `{{H959}}` underscores a tension between authentic, uninhibited worship and the concern for human decorum or approval [[2 Samuel 6:16]]. The focus is on God, not on the observers.
### Summary
In summary, **kârar** `{{H3769}}` provides a vivid snapshot of worship that is personal, physical, and powerful. Though its occurrences are few, they depict a king's complete and joyous abandon before God. The term illustrates that worship can be a dynamic, energetic celebration, offered with all one's might as an act of reverence and love directed solely toward the **LORD**.
TRV