### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **kâphâh**, represented by `{{H3711}}`, is a primitive root that properly means to **bend**. Figuratively, it is defined as the ability to **tame**, **subdue**, or **pacify**. It appears only **1 time** across **1 unique verse** in the entire Bible, making its specific context essential to understanding its meaning as a focused principle of wisdom.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its sole biblical appearance, `{{H3711}}` is used within the wisdom literature to describe the power of a discreet action to calm intense emotion. The verse, [[Proverbs 21:14]], states that "A gift `{{H4976}}` in secret `{{H5643}}` **pacifieth** `{{H3711}}` anger `{{H639}}`." This idea is reinforced by the second half of the verse, which notes that "a reward `{{H7810}}` in the bosom `{{H2436}}` [pacifies] strong `{{H5794}}` wrath `{{H2534}}`." The use of **kâphâh** here illustrates a practical principle for subduing conflict through a subtle and private gesture.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words from its context in [[Proverbs 21:14]] clarify the dynamics of this pacifying action:
* `{{H4976}}` **mattân** (a present): This word for **gift** is the agent that performs the pacifying. It is used elsewhere to describe a gift that makes room for a person [[Proverbs 18:16]] or a man's friendship to one who gives gifts [[Proverbs 19:6]].
* `{{H639}}` **'aph** (anger): Defined as **ire** and stemming from the word for nose or nostril, this is the emotion being subdued. It can refer to human anger or to God's anger, which is described as slow [[Exodus 34:6]] and temporary [[Psalms 30:5]].
* `{{H2534}}` **chêmâh** (wrath): Meaning **heat** or, figuratively, **anger** or **poison**, this term appears in parallel with 'aph. It often denotes a furious anger, such as God's fury that can "go out like fire" [[Jeremiah 21:12]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H3711}}` is tied to the practical wisdom it represents.
* **The Principle of Pacification:** The core teaching is that conflict and strong anger can be subdued or tamed. A discreet action can de-escalate a situation, contrasting with a wrathful man who "stirreth up strife" [[Proverbs 15:18]].
* **Discretion in Action:** The effectiveness of the gift is linked to its secrecy `{{H5643}}`. It is a private gesture, not a public display. The concept of a **secret** place is also used positively to refer to God's divine protection and presence, a "hiding place" from trouble ([[Psalms 32:7]], [[Psalms 91:1]]).
* **The Influence of Gifts:** A gift `{{H4976}}` or reward `{{H7810}}` carries significant power. While [[Proverbs 21:14]] shows it used for reconciliation, other passages warn that a reward can be a bribe that perverts justice and blinds the eyes of the wise [[Deuteronomy 16:19]].
### Summary
In summary, though `{{H3711}}` is an exceptionally rare term, its single use offers a clear and potent illustration of its meaning. It encapsulates the idea of subduing powerful emotions like anger `{{H639}}` and wrath `{{H2534}}` through a wise and discreet act. The word **kâphâh** and its context demonstrate how biblical wisdom provides tangible strategies for navigating human relationships, showing that a thoughtful, private gesture can effectively **tame** a volatile situation.
TRV