from the same as יָתוֹם; orphanage; Jithmah, an Israelite; Ithmah.
Transliteration:Yithmâh
Pronunciation:yith-maw'
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew term `{{H3495}}` (Yithmâh) is a proper noun, a personal name. Its base definition indicates a derivation "from the same as `{{H3490}}`," which is the Hebrew word *yathôm*, meaning "orphan." Therefore, the etymological root of `{{H3495}}` points conceptually to "orphanage" or "orphanhood." While the name itself refers to an individual, its underlying meaning suggests a connection to the state of being an orphan or perhaps a place associated with orphans. In the context of biblical names, such etymological connections often carried symbolic weight, potentially reflecting circumstances of birth, a family's history, or even a prophetic declaration.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The name `{{H3495}}` (Yithmâh) appears only once in the Hebrew Bible, specifically in the list of David's mighty men:
* [[1 Chronicles 11:46]]: "Ithmah the Moabite, Eliel the Mahavite."
Here, Ithmah is identified as "the Moabite," which is a significant detail. Moabites were descendants of Lot through his incestuous relationship with his elder daughter ([[Genesis 19:37]]) and were historically adversaries of Israel, often prohibited from entering "the assembly of the Lord" even to the tenth generation ([[Deuteronomy 23:3]]). Despite this historical context, Ithmah is listed among King David's elite warriors, known for their loyalty and prowess. This inclusion highlights David's openness to incorporating capable individuals from various backgrounds into his service, demonstrating a broader understanding of allegiance that transcended ethnic boundaries. The name's potential meaning of "orphan" or "orphanage" could subtly underscore his status as an "outsider" or one who found a new "family" and belonging within David's company, a powerful testament to redemption and inclusion.
### Related Words & Concepts
The most direct linguistic relation to `{{H3495}}` is `{{H3490}}` (*yathôm*), "orphan." This connection immediately brings to mind the biblical emphasis on the vulnerable in society: the orphan, the widow, and the sojourner. Throughout the Law and the Prophets, God consistently commands His people to show special care and justice to these groups ([[Deuteronomy 10:18]], [[Psalm 68:5]], [[Isaiah 1:17]], [[Zechariah 7:10]]).
The concept of the "orphan" also relates to:
* **Divine Providence:** God is often depicted as the protector and provider for the fatherless.
* **Inclusion of Outsiders:** The presence of a Moabite like Ithmah among David's mighty men, whose name might signify his vulnerable or "orphaned" status, parallels the broader biblical theme of God bringing outsiders into His covenant people, as seen with Ruth, also a Moabite.
* **Loyalty and Belonging:** Despite a potentially humble or marginalized origin implied by his name, Ithmah's inclusion among David's loyal warriors speaks to the transformative power of finding a place within God's purposes and community.
### Theological Significance
While `{{H3495}}` refers to an individual, its etymological root carries significant theological weight. The name Ithmah, if indeed tied to the concept of "orphanage," subtly reinforces several key theological truths:
1. **God's Heart for the Vulnerable:** The very existence of such a name, and its bearer's elevation to a position of honor, underscores God's consistent concern for the marginalized and fatherless. It reflects the divine character as a "Father of the fatherless and protector of widows" ([[Psalm 68:5]]).
2. **Redemption and Inclusion:** Ithmah the Moabite, an ethnic outsider whose people were historically estranged from Israel, becomes a prominent figure in David's kingdom. This exemplifies God's redemptive work, breaking down barriers and incorporating those who might otherwise be excluded into His plan. His name, possibly signifying an "orphan," could further highlight how God lifts up the humble and provides a home for the desolate.
3. **Divine Sovereignty:** The narrative of Ithmah's inclusion among David's mighty men, despite his background, speaks to God's sovereign hand in history, using individuals from unexpected places to fulfill His purposes.
### Summary
`{{H3495}}` (Yithmâh) is a unique Hebrew proper name, occurring once in [[1 Chronicles 11:46]] as Ithmah the Moabite, one of King David's mighty men. Etymologically, the name is derived from the root for "orphan" (`{{H3490}}`), suggesting a conceptual link to "orphanage" or "orphanhood." This etymology, coupled with Ithmah's identity as a Moabite, highlights significant biblical themes: God's profound care for the vulnerable and marginalized, the powerful act of inclusion for ethnic outsiders, and the redemptive capacity to elevate individuals from humble or challenging origins into positions of honor and loyalty within God's unfolding plan. Ithmah's presence among David's elite thus serves as a quiet but potent reminder of divine grace and the breaking down of barriers.
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