(Aramaic) corresponding to יָצָא; {to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.}; finish.
Transliteration:yᵉtsâʼ
Pronunciation:yets-aw'
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Aramaic verb H3319 (yᵉtsâʼ) directly corresponds to the more frequently occurring Hebrew verb H3318 (yātsāʼ). Its fundamental meaning encompasses the act of "going out," "coming forth," or "proceeding." This core sense extends to a causative application, meaning "to bring out" or "to cause to come forth." The semantic range is remarkably broad, covering both literal and figurative uses. Literally, it describes physical movement from an interior to an exterior space, or the emergence of an object or person. Figuratively, it can denote the issuance of a decree, the manifestation of an event, or the revelation of a truth. A significant derived meaning is "to finish" or "to complete," implying the bringing of something to its conclusion or the going forth of a work until it is done. This aspect highlights the culmination or fulfillment of a process or task.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
As an Aramaic term, H3319 is found exclusively in the Aramaic sections of the books of Ezra and Daniel. Its usage consistently reflects its broad semantic range:
* **Issuance of Decrees/Words:** The verb frequently describes the "going out" or "issuing" of official commands or pronouncements. In [[Ezra 4:18]], it is used of a letter that "has been read" (yᵉtsâʼ) before the king, implying its official presentation and dissemination. Similarly, in [[Daniel 2:13]], a "decree went out" (yᵉtsâʼ) to kill the wise men, highlighting the authoritative nature of royal commands. This usage underscores the power inherent in words and decrees once they are "sent forth."
* **Physical Emergence/Departure:** H3319 also describes literal movement. In [[Daniel 5:5]], "fingers of a man's hand came forth" (yᵉtsâʼ) from the wall, a vivid description of a supernatural appearance. In [[Daniel 6:19]], King Darius "arose" (yᵉtsâʼ) very early in the morning and went in haste to the den of lions, indicating a physical departure and journey.
* **Completion/Finishing:** The verb is notably used to signify the completion of a task, particularly the rebuilding of the Temple. [[Ezra 6:14]] states that the elders of the Jews "built and finished" (yᵉtsâʼ) the temple, signifying the successful conclusion of the monumental construction project. This application emphasizes the successful execution and culmination of a work.
* **Bringing Forth/Producing:** In a causative sense, H3319 can imply bringing something into existence or making it available. While less explicit in the Aramaic texts than its Hebrew counterpart, the "bringing out" of treasures or resources for a project is implied in the context of the Temple's construction and furnishing.
### Related Words & Concepts
The most direct and significant related word is its Hebrew counterpart, H3318 (yātsāʼ). Both verbs share the core semantic field of "going out," "coming forth," and "bringing out," with H3319 functioning as the Aramaic equivalent in the biblical text. The conceptual connections extend to:
* **Emergence:** The act of something becoming visible or manifest, whether a physical entity or an abstract concept like a decree.
* **Departure:** Movement away from a place or state.
* **Completion/Fulfillment:** The reaching of an end point or the successful execution of a plan, often seen in the context of a divine or royal command being carried out to its conclusion.
* **Divine Command/Decree:** The inherent power and authority behind pronouncements that "go out" or "are issued," often with significant consequences. This links to concepts of sovereignty and execution of will.
* **Revelation:** In instances like the hand in Daniel 5, the "coming forth" signifies a direct, often supernatural, manifestation of divine presence or message.
### Theological Significance
The occurrences of H3319 in Ezra and Daniel, though limited in number, carry profound theological weight, particularly concerning divine sovereignty and the execution of God's purposes.
* **Divine Sovereignty and Decree:** When decrees "go out," whether from an earthly king or implicitly from God, they signify authority and the initiation of action. The narrative context of Daniel often portrays earthly kings as instruments, or even unwitting agents, through whom God's overarching decrees yᵉtsâʼ (go forth) and are accomplished. The "going out" of a decree is not merely an administrative act but often a divinely ordained step in the unfolding of history.
* **God's Active Involvement in History:** The completion of the Temple, described by H3319 in [[Ezra 6:14]], is a testament to God's faithfulness and His active involvement in bringing His plans to fruition. The "finishing" of the Temple, despite opposition, underscores that God's will ultimately "goes out" and is accomplished.
* **Divine Revelation and Judgment:** The dramatic "coming forth" of the hand in [[Daniel 5:5]] is a powerful instance of divine intervention and revelation, leading to immediate judgment. This highlights God's ability to manifest His presence and deliver His message directly, often with immediate and decisive consequences for human actions.
* **The Inevitability of God's Plan:** The various applications of H3319—from decrees being issued to projects being completed—collectively affirm the unstoppable nature of God's will. What God purposes to "send forth" or "bring out" will inevitably come to pass and reach its intended conclusion.
### Summary
The Aramaic verb H3319 (yᵉtsâʼ) is a versatile term meaning "to go out," "to come forth," "to bring out," and "to finish." Found in Ezra and Daniel, its usage highlights the issuance of decrees, physical emergence, and the completion of tasks, particularly the rebuilding of the Temple. Theologically, H3319 underscores divine sovereignty, the active execution of God's will in history, and the ultimate fulfillment of His purposes. Whether describing a royal decree, a miraculous manifestation, or the culmination of a sacred project, H3319 consistently points to the powerful and effective unfolding of events, often under divine orchestration. It serves as a linguistic bridge to its Hebrew counterpart H3318, conveying similar concepts of emergence, action, and completion within the Aramaic portions of Scripture.
TRV