### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **yâlîyd**, represented by `{{H3211}}`, is derived from the root word for "to bear" or "beget" `{{H3205}}` and specifically means **born**, **(home-)born**, **child**, or **son**. Appearing 13 times in 13 verses, it consistently refers to someone born into a particular household, family, or lineage, emphasizing a sense of origin and belonging.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In biblical usage, `{{H3211}}` establishes identity based on one's place of birth. It is central to the covenant of circumcision in Genesis 17, where a distinction is made between one who is **born** `{{H3211}}` in Abraham's house and one who is "bought with money" ([[Genesis 17:13]], 17:23). This term also identifies specific lineages, such as the formidable "children `{{H3211}}` of Anak" seen by the spies in Canaan [[Numbers 13:28]]. It is similarly used to describe the descendants of "the giant" in narratives of battles with the Philistines [[2 Samuel 21:18]]. In a unique context, Jeremiah uses it rhetorically to ask if Israel is a "**homeborn** `{{H3211}}` slave," questioning why a people with such a distinct origin would be spoiled [[Jeremiah 2:14]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the meaning and context of **yâlîyd**:
* `{{H3205}}` **yâlad**: This is the primitive root from which **yâlîyd** is derived, meaning to **bear young** or **beget**. It signifies the act of birth itself, as seen in the declaration, "this day have I **begotten** `{{H3205}}` thee" [[Psalms 2:7]].
* `{{H1004}}` **bayith**: Meaning **house** or **family**, this word provides the typical setting for a **yâlîyd**. The two are used together to specify a "**homeborn**" individual, such as Abram's servants "born `{{H3211}}` in his own **house** `{{H1004}}`" [[Genesis 14:14]].
* `{{H4736}}` **miqnâh**: This term for something **bought** or a **purchase** is frequently used in direct contrast to **yâlîyd**. In Abraham's household, individuals were either **born** `{{H3211}}` there or **bought** `{{H4736}}` with money ([[Genesis 17:12]], 17:27).
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{H3211}}` is tied to concepts of covenant community and identity.
* **Covenant Inclusion:** The term is critical for defining the scope of the Abrahamic covenant. It identifies those who belong to the household by birth, establishing their place within the covenant community while also noting that those "bought with money" are to be included in the same rites [[Genesis 17:13]].
* **Inherited Identity:** By describing the "children `{{H3211}}` of Anak" [[Numbers 13:22]] and "sons `{{H3211}}` of the giant" [[1 Chronicles 20:4]], the word underscores how identity and reputation are passed down through lineage, defining a group by its progenitor.
* **Status and Privilege:** Being a **yâlîyd** conferred a specific status. In Leviticus, the one who is "**born** `{{H3211}}` in his house" is permitted to eat the priest's holy food, a privilege tied to their origin within the household [[Leviticus 22:11]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H3211}}` **yâlîyd** is a precise term that goes beyond the general meaning of "son" or "child." It specifically denotes someone born into a defined group, whether a family, a household of servants, or a formidable lineage. Its usage highlights the biblical importance of origin in determining one's identity, status, and inclusion within the covenant people of God.
TRV