### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **yezaʻ**, represented by `{{H3154}}`, refers to **sweat** or, by implication, any thing that causeth sweat. It appears only **1 time** in **1 unique verse** in the Bible, indicating a highly specific application. The base definition suggests a meaning derived from an unused root word for "to ooze," highlighting the physical nature of perspiration.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its sole biblical appearance, `{{H3154}}` is used in a specific instruction regarding priestly garments. The prophet Ezekiel outlines regulations for priests serving in the sanctuary, stating they are to wear linen garments and explicitly "shall not gird themselves with any thing that causeth **sweat**" [[Ezekiel 44:18]]. This command is part of a larger set of rules designed to maintain holiness and distinction in divine service, contrasting the prescribed linen with materials that would induce a physical, earthly response.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide context for the prohibition against `{{H3154}}`:
* `{{H2296}}` **châgar** (a primitive root; to gird on (as a belt, armor, etc.); be able to put on, be afraid, appointed, gird, restrain, [idiom] on every side.): This verb is used in the same verse as `{{H3154}}`, forbidding priests to **gird** themselves with sweat-causing materials [[Ezekiel 44:18]]. It often refers to preparing for action, as seen when the Israelites were commanded to eat the Passover with their loins **girded** [[Exodus 12:11]].
* `{{H6593}}` **pishteh** (linen (i.e. the thread, as carded); flax, linen.): This word is presented as the proper material for priestly garments, in direct contrast to that which causes `{{H3154}}`. The priests were to wear **linen** bonnets and breeches [[Ezekiel 44:18]]. It is also described as a valuable material worked by the virtuous woman [[Proverbs 31:13]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H3154}}` is tied directly to its prohibitive use.
* **Purity in Service:** The prohibition against `{{H3154}}` in the sanctuary underscores a theological principle of ritual purity. Sweat, a result of human labor and exertion of the flesh, is set in opposition to the state required for ministering before God.
* **Distinction of the Holy:** The command in [[Ezekiel 44:18]] creates a clear distinction between the garments of the holy priesthood and common attire. Priestly service required specific materials, like linen `{{H6593}}`, that would not produce the effects of common, physical toil.
* **Divine Ordinance over Human Effort:** By forbidding materials that cause sweat, the regulation implies that service to God is not to be characterized by the fleshly strain of human effort but by calm obedience to divine ordinance.
### Summary
In summary, while `{{H3154}}` is a rare term, its single use carries significant weight. It functions as a specific prohibition related to **sweat** to define the nature of holiness in priestly service. The word is not merely about physical discomfort but conveys a deeper theological concept regarding purity, separating the sacred duties of the priesthood from the common, fleshly toil of the world, as detailed in the instructions found in Ezekiel.
TRV