### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **châzûwth**, represented by `{{H2380}}`, carries meanings that include **vision, agreement, and notable appearance**. It is a rare term, appearing only **5 times** in **5 unique verses** in the Bible. Based on its context, it can refer to a prophetic revelation, a formal compact, or a visually striking feature.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H2380}}` is used in a few distinct ways, primarily within the prophets Isaiah and Daniel. In Isaiah, it denotes a prophetic **vision**, such as the "grievous{H7186} **vision**" that was declared to the prophet [[Isaiah 21:2]]. It also describes a spiritual state where the **vision** of all becomes like the words of a sealed book that cannot be read [[Isaiah 29:11]]. The term also signifies an **agreement**, specifically Israel’s pact with hell{H7585} which God promises to disannul [[Isaiah 28:18]]. In Daniel, the word is used to describe a prominent or **notable** feature, such as the "**notable** horn" on the he-goat [[Daniel 8:5]] and the "four **notable ones**" that replaced it [[Daniel 8:8]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help illuminate the contexts in which `{{H2380}}` is found:
* `{{H1285}}` **bᵉrîyth** (covenant): Defined as a compact or league. This word is used in parallel with **châzûwth** to describe the nation's "covenant{H1285} with death{H4194}" and "agreement{H2380} with hell{H7585}" [[Isaiah 28:18]]. This stands in contrast to God's enduring covenant of peace [[Isaiah 54:10]].
* `{{H7585}}` **shᵉʼôwl** (hell): This word for Hades or the grave is the entity with which the **agreement** `{{H2380}}` is made [[Isaiah 28:18]]. It is depicted as the world of the dead, a place from which God can deliver the soul [[Psalms 86:13]] and redeem from its power [[Hosea 13:14]].
* `{{H7703}}` **shâdad** (spoil): Meaning to ravage or destroy. The "grievous **vision**" `{{H2380}}` declared in [[Isaiah 21:2]] includes the action of the "spoiler{H7703}" who "spoileth{H7703}," tying the vision directly to coming destruction.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H2380}}` is tied to its use in prophetic contexts, revealing truths about divine communication and humanity's response.
* **Prophetic Revelation:** As **vision**, the term underscores God's sovereignty in revealing future events. The "grievous{H7186} **vision**" is "declared{H5046}" by God and concerns judgment [[Isaiah 21:2]]. When this **vision** becomes sealed, it signifies spiritual blindness and an inability to understand God's message [[Isaiah 29:11]].
* **Unholy Alliances:** The word's use as **agreement** delivers a stark warning against making pacts with forces opposed to God. The "agreement{H2380} with hell{H7585}" is a futile attempt to escape judgment, but God declares this compact "shall not stand{H6965}" and will be "disannulled{H3722}" [[Isaiah 28:18]].
* **Symbol of Power:** In Daniel's prophecies, the term **notable** describes figures of significant power. The "**notable** horn" [[Daniel 8:5]] and the "four **notable ones**" [[Daniel 8:8]] are key symbols in a vision that outlines the rise of kingdoms, linking their striking appearance to their prophesied role.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H2380}}` is a versatile term used exclusively in prophetic literature to convey concepts of sight and significance. Whether as a divine **vision** revealed to a prophet [[Isaiah 21:2]], a foolish **agreement** made with death [[Isaiah 28:18]], or the **notable** appearance of a powerful horn in a prophecy [[Daniel 8:5]], **châzûwth** consistently points to matters of great weight and consequence. It demonstrates how a single word can encapsulate the act of seeing, the result of a pact, and the appearance of power within God's sovereign narrative.
TRV