probably an orthographical variation for חוּרִי; Churai, an Israelite; Hurai.
Transliteration:Chûwray
Pronunciation:khoo-rah'ee
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew lemma חוּרַי (Chûwray), designated as `{{H2360}}`, is presented in its base definition as "probably an orthographical variation for חוּרִי" (`{{H2359}}`). This indicates that `{{H2360}}` is essentially an alternate spelling of `{{H2359}}`, and thus shares its semantic range. The name `{{H2359}}` (Churi) itself carries multiple potential etymologies, primarily stemming from two distinct roots:
1. From `{{H2356}}` (חֹר / חוּר), meaning "hole" or "cave." This derivation would suggest meanings such as "cave-dweller" or, in a tribal context, "Horite." While historically relevant, this meaning is less commonly applied to personal names of Israelites in a straightforward manner, unless denoting origin or a specific characteristic.
2. From `{{H2357}}` (חוּר), meaning "white" or "noble." This root is associated with fine, white linen, and by extension, purity, nobility, or freedom. Hence, the name could signify "linen weaver" (one who works with fine white linen) or "noble" (possessing noble character or status).
Given that both `{{H2359}}` and `{{H2360}}` are identified as personal names of Israelites (specifically Gadites in the case of `{{H2359}}` and an Israelite in the case of `{{H2360}}`), the meanings "noble" or "linen weaver" are generally considered the most probable and fitting for the individual. The nuance of "noble" suggests inherent character or esteemed position, while "linen weaver" points to a skilled trade or association with fine materials, often symbolic of purity or priestly attire in biblical contexts.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The word `{{H2360}}` (Chûwray) appears only once in the Hebrew Bible, specifically in the book of 1 Chronicles:
* [[1 Chronicles 11:32]]: "Hurai of the torrents of Gaash; Abiel the Arbathite;"
In this solitary occurrence, Hurai is listed among the "mighty men of David," a distinguished group of warriors renowned for their loyalty, valor, and exceptional feats. The context of [[1 Chronicles 11]] is a detailed enumeration of these elite soldiers, highlighting the strength and divine favor surrounding King David's reign. Hurai is identified by his place of origin, "of the torrents of Gaash," which helps to geographically locate this individual within ancient Israel.
It is noteworthy that the parallel passage in [[2 Samuel 23:30]] lists "Hiddai of the torrents of Gaash" (`{{H2689}}`) in place of Hurai. This discrepancy is a recognized textual variant, potentially indicating a scribal error, an alternative name for the same individual, or simply a difference in the source texts used by the Chronicler versus the author of Samuel. For the purpose of this study, the focus remains on the form `{{H2360}}` as it appears in the Masoretic Text of 1 Chronicles. The inclusion of Hurai in such an esteemed list underscores his significance as a trusted and capable servant in David's kingdom.
### Related Words & Concepts
As an orthographical variation, `{{H2360}}` (Chûwray) is most directly related to `{{H2359}}` (Churi), which is also a personal name appearing in [[1 Chronicles 5:14]] as a Gadite. The shared etymological roots further link `{{H2360}}` to:
* `{{H2356}}` (חֹר / חוּר - *chor / chur*): This noun means "hole" or "cave," and is the basis for the "cave-dweller" or "Horite" interpretation. It is used in various contexts to describe physical cavities or, metaphorically, a state of being.
* `{{H2357}}` (חוּר - *chur*): This noun refers to "white linen" or "nobility." It appears in contexts describing fine garments (e.g., [[Esther 1:6]], [[Esther 8:15]]) and also as a proper name (e.g., Hur, `{{H2358}}`), a prominent figure associated with Moses and Aaron ([[Exodus 17:10]], [[Exodus 24:14]]). This connection reinforces the "noble" or "linen weaver" interpretations for `{{H2360}}`.
Conceptually, Hurai's inclusion among "David's mighty men" connects him to themes of:
* **Loyalty and Service:** These men were utterly devoted to David, serving as his elite guard and commanders.
* **Valor and Strength:** Their exploits, often recounted with awe, exemplify physical prowess and military skill.
* **Divine Providence:** The very existence and success of this group underscore God's hand in establishing and protecting David's kingdom.
The textual variant with `{{H2689}}` (Hiddai) in [[2 Samuel 23:30]] also highlights the broader concept of textual transmission and the challenges and nuances involved in reconstructing ancient texts.
### Theological Significance
While `{{H2360}}` (Chûwray) is a proper name and does not carry inherent theological doctrine, its presence in the biblical narrative offers several theological insights:
1. **God's Remembrance of Individuals:** The meticulous listing of David's mighty men, including figures like Hurai who appear only once, demonstrates the biblical emphasis on the value of every individual in God's plan. It reflects God's comprehensive knowledge and remembrance of those who serve Him, regardless of how prominent their role might seem. This detail underscores divine attentiveness to human faithfulness.
2. **The Importance of Faithful Service:** Hurai's inclusion among David's elite warriors signifies his commitment and skill in service to God's anointed king. This highlights the theological principle that God uses dedicated individuals, often in specific and practical roles, to accomplish His purposes. Whether through military prowess, leadership, or other forms of service, faithfulness is esteemed.
3. **Character and Calling:** If the meaning "noble" is attributed to Hurai, it could subtly suggest a person of upright character, fitting for one entrusted with such significant responsibilities. If "linen weaver" is preferred, it might evoke associations with purity, craftsmanship, or even a humble yet vital contribution to society, reflecting the diverse ways individuals contribute to God's kingdom.
4. **Divine Sovereignty in Leadership:** The formation of David's mighty men was not merely a human endeavor but part of God's overarching plan to establish a righteous kingdom. Hurai, like the others, was providentially placed to serve a crucial role in this divine narrative.
### Summary
`{{H2360}}` (Chûwray) is a Hebrew personal name, primarily understood as an orthographical variant of `{{H2359}}` (Churi). Its most probable meanings are "noble" or "linen weaver," derived from the root `{{H2357}}` (חוּר), signifying a person of esteemed character or skilled craftsmanship. This name appears only once in the biblical text, in [[1 Chronicles 11:32]], where Hurai is listed among David's distinguished mighty men, identified as being "of the torrents of Gaash." His inclusion in this elite group underscores his loyalty, valor, and significant contribution to David's kingdom. Theologically, the presence of Hurai in the biblical record serves as a testament to God's remembrance of individuals, the value of faithful service, and the divine orchestration of human roles in the outworking of His sovereign plan.
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