### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **chăbôl**, represented by `{{H2258}}`, is the term for a **pledge** or a **pawn** taken as security for a debt. It appears 4 times across 4 unique verses in the Bible. The word's usage is consistently tied to the concept of just and righteous living, specifically concerning financial and social obligations.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The use of `{{H2258}}` is exclusively found within the prophecies of Ezekiel, where it serves as a clear indicator of righteous or wicked behavior. The righteous person is described as one who "hath restored to the debtor his **pledge**" [[Ezekiel 18:7]]. Conversely, a sign of wickedness is one who "hath not restored the **pledge**" [[Ezekiel 18:12]]. Restoring the **pledge** is presented as a key act of repentance for the wicked who wish to turn towards life [[Ezekiel 33:15]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words illuminate the legal and ethical framework surrounding a **pledge**:
* `{{H2254}}` **châbal** (to bind, lay to pledge): This is the root verb from which `{{H2258}}` is derived. Its meanings include taking something as a pledge, but also to destroy or deal corruptly, showing the potential for misuse [[Deuteronomy 24:17]].
* `{{H7725}}` **shûwb** (to turn back, restore): This verb is crucial, as it describes the required action regarding a pledge. In the context of righteousness, one must "restore" the pledge ([[Ezekiel 18:7]], [[Ezekiel 33:15]]).
* `{{H2326}}` **chôwb** (debtor): This word identifies the person to whom the pledge belongs and must be returned. The righteous man "hath restored to the **debtor** his pledge" [[Ezekiel 18:7]].
* `{{H3238}}` **yânâh** (to oppress): The act of withholding a pledge is linked to oppression. Righteousness is defined by not having "oppressed any" and restoring the pledge [[Ezekiel 18:7]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{H2258}}` centers on social justice and the tangible evidence of one's spiritual state.
* **Indicator of Righteousness:** The handling of a **pledge** is a benchmark for righteousness. Restoring it is listed alongside other just acts like giving bread to the hungry and covering the naked ([[Ezekiel 18:7]], [[Ezekiel 18:16]]). Withholding it is a defining act of the wicked [[Ezekiel 18:12]].
* **Component of Repentance:** The act of restoring a **pledge** is not merely a social nicety; it is presented as a condition for the wicked to turn from their sins and live. It is a key part of walking "in the statutes of life" [[Ezekiel 33:15]].
* **Protection of the Debtor:** The consistent command to restore the **pledge** underscores a divine concern for justice within financial dealings. This is emphasized by its inclusion with sins like oppression and violence [[Ezekiel 18:12]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H2258}}` is more than a simple financial term. It is a critical element in the Bible's definition of social justice and righteousness. Its use in Ezekiel frames the handling of a **pledge** as a clear test of one's character, distinguishing the just from the wicked. The word illustrates how a tangible act—restoring property held as security—is invested with profound theological weight, becoming a matter of life and death.
TRV