### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **Hărârîy**, represented by `{{H2043}}`, is a descriptive term meaning **Hararite** and is apparently derived from a word for a mountaineer. It appears **5 times** across **4 unique verses**, where it is used to identify the origin or affiliation of certain individuals. The term serves as a gentilic, designating a person from a place called Harar or simply identifying them as a "mountaineer."
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H2043}}` is used exclusively within the lists of King David's mighty men. It identifies several key warriors noted for their prowess and service. One of the most prominent is Shammah the son of Agee, the **Hararite** [[2 Samuel 23:11]], who famously defended a field of lentiles against the Philistines even when the rest of the people fled. The term also identifies Shammah the **Hararite** and Ahiam the son of Sharar the **Hararite** in [[2 Samuel 23:33]]. The name appears again in Chronicles, which lists Jonathan the son of Shage the **Hararite** [[1 Chronicles 11:34]] and Ahiam the son of Sacar the **Hararite** [[1 Chronicles 11:35]] among these elite soldiers.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide context for the identity and actions of the Hararites:
* `{{H8048}}` **Shammâh** (Shammah): The name of an Israelite who is identified as a **Hararite** ([[2 Samuel 23:11]], 33). He is a central figure in the accounts of David's mighty men.
* `{{H279}}` **ʼĂchîyʼâm** (Achiam): The name of an Israelite who is also identified as a **Hararite** in the lists of mighty men ([[2 Samuel 23:33]]; [[1 Chronicles 11:35]]).
* `{{H5127}}` **nûwç** (to flee): This verb describes the action of the people who "fled from the Philistines" while Shammah the Hararite stood his ground, highlighting his exceptional courage [[2 Samuel 23:11]].
* `{{H2513}}` **chelqâh** (piece of land): This word denotes the "piece of ground" that the **Hararite** Shammah defended, emphasizing the value and significance of his stand [[2 Samuel 23:11]].
### Theological Significance
The significance of `{{H2043}}` is tied directly to the character of the men it describes.
* **Military Prowess:** The term is exclusively associated with David's mighty men, linking it to themes of martial strength, loyalty, and elite service to the king.
* **Steadfast Courage:** The story of Shammah the **Hararite** serves as a powerful example of steadfastness. His refusal to flee `{{H5127}}` when others did illustrates a profound commitment and bravery in the face of overwhelming opposition [[2 Samuel 23:11]].
* **Identity and Origin:** As a gentilic meaning "mountaineer," the term provides an identity for these warriors, connecting them to a specific, likely rugged, geographical background, even if the exact location of Harar is not detailed elsewhere.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H2043}}` **Hărârîy** functions as a specific identifier for a group of David's mighty men. Though it appears only a few times, it is consistently linked to individuals of great renown and valor within Israel's military history. The term signifies more than just a place of origin; it is associated with the unwavering courage and loyalty exemplified by warriors like Shammah, Ahiam, and Jonathan, who were integral to the security and legacy of King David's reign.
TRV