### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **הוּם (hûwm)**, represented by `{{H1949}}`, is a primitive root used to describe great agitation or uproar. Its definition includes concepts like to **destroy**, **move**, **make a noise**, and **ring again**. It appears **6 times** across **6 unique verses**, conveying a sense of overwhelming force, whether through sound or destructive action.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{H1949}}` captures moments of intense, widespread reaction. It can describe a city-wide commotion, as when all of Bethlehem was **moved** by the arrival of Naomi [[Ruth 1:19]]. It also illustrates the physical effect of a powerful sound, such as when the earth **rang again** from the shouting of Israel [[1 Samuel 4:5]] or a city **rang again** with the sound of rejoicing [[1 Kings 1:45]]. In a contrasting use, the word signifies utter destruction, as when God promises to **destroy** Israel's enemies [[Deuteronomy 7:23]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the concepts of noise and destruction associated with `{{H1949}}`:
* `{{H7321}}` **rûwaʻ**: a primitive root; to mar (especially by breaking); figuratively, to split the ears (with sound), i.e. shout (for alarm or joy). This term is often used for a purposeful **shout**, whether in joyful praise [[Psalms 95:1]] or as an alarm of war [[Joel 2:1]]. It appears alongside `{{H1949}}` to describe the shout of Israel when the Ark arrived [[1 Samuel 4:5]].
* `{{H8045}}` **shâmad**: a primitive root; to desolate; destory(-uction), bring to nought, overthrow, perish, pluck down, [idiom] utterly. This word focuses purely on the act of destruction and is used to describe the finality of God's judgment against the wicked [[Psalms 145:20]] or His command to **destroy** His enemies [[Deuteronomy 33:27]].
* `{{H6963}}` **qôwl**: a voice or sound. This general term for sound or a voice is used to specify the **noise** heard in the city that "rang again" in [[1 Kings 1:45]]. It is frequently used to refer to the **voice** of the LORD, which requires obedience [[Deuteronomy 28:1]].
### Theological Significance
The significance of `{{H1949}}` is found in its portrayal of overwhelming and decisive moments.
* **Divine Judgment:** The word is used to describe God's direct intervention. He will **destroy** the enemies of his people with a "mighty destruction," demonstrating His power and sovereign authority over nations [[Deuteronomy 7:23]].
* **Communal Upheaval:** `{{H1949}}` frequently illustrates a collective, visceral reaction to a significant event. It is not a quiet or subtle response but an all-encompassing uproar that **moved** an entire city [[Ruth 1:19]] or made the earth **ring again** [[1 Samuel 4:5]].
* **Emotional Expression:** The term spans a range of powerful emotions. It can represent the deep, internal **noise** of personal mourning and complaint [[Psalms 55:2]] as well as the loud, external **noise** of a massive, joyful assembly [[Micah 2:12]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H1949}}` is a potent word that signifies more than just sound; it conveys the idea of a powerful, disruptive force. Whether describing the emotional turmoil of an individual, the collective uproar of a city, or the finality of divine destruction, **hûwm** captures moments where a situation is fundamentally agitated and altered. It illustrates how sound and action can reflect pivotal events in the life of God's people.